{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T19:13:49Z","timestamp":1754162029162,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753747200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["JP22K11225"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP22K11225"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>As studies have reported reduced delirium in hospitalized older individuals with dementia who interacted with the seal-shaped robot \u201cPARO,\u201d the role of communication robots in preventing delirium was investigated. This study included patients aged \u226570 years who were hospitalized for surgery requiring general anesthesia. The patients were randomly assigned to either the control group (patients received regular delirium countermeasures using a team approach; n\u2009=\u200976) or the intervention group (patients received regular delirium countermeasures plus an intervention with the \u201cBOCCO emo LTE\u201d communication robot; n\u2009=\u200974). Delirium was diagnosed using the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist. From admission until discharge, nurses recorded the presence or absence of delirium each day. Chi-square and Mann\u2013Whitney U tests were conducted to examine intergroup differences in delirium incidence between the groups. Of the 150 patients who provided consent for participation, 18 developed delirium. Significantly fewer patients in the intervention group (4 patients) developed delirium compared to those in the control group (14 patients) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.014). Patients with delirium were more likely to be older (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.036) and have dementia (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), a history of delirium (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.004), and a history of benzodiazepine use (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.028) compared to those who did not have postoperative delirium. The results suggest that communication robots can effectively reduce delirium incidence. Additional studies with larger cohorts are needed to mitigate the influence of varying risk factor frequencies between groups, improve the assessment of delirium, and validate the current study\u2019s findings.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Japan Clinical Trials Registry (jRCT) (URL: <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/jrct.mhlw.go.jp\" xlink:type=\"simple\">https:\/\/jrct.mhlw.go.jp<\/jats:ext-link>; No. jRCT1030250018; date: April 1, 2025; retrospectively registered)<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0327868","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T17:26:12Z","timestamp":1753809972000},"page":"e0327868","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of a communication robot in the prevention of postoperative delirium in older persons: A randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4216-2791","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Koubun","family":"Imai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0327868.ref001","article-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2022","journal-title":"American Psychiatric Association Publishing"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0327868.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.12067","article-title":"Delirium in older persons: advances in diagnosis and treatment","volume":"318","author":"ES Oh","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0327868.ref003","first-page":"557","article-title":"Quality of care in hospitalized cancer patients before and after implementation of a systematic prevention program for delirium: the DELTA exploratory trial","volume":"27","author":"A Ogawa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0327868.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/25307","article-title":"Technology-assisted home care for people with dementia and their relatives: scoping review","volume":"4","author":"S Palmdorf","year":"2021","journal-title":"JMIR Aging"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0327868.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-160703","article-title":"The utilization of robotic pets in dementia care","volume":"55","author":"S Petersen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"pone.0327868.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2014.00257","article-title":"Comparison of verbal and emotional responses of elderly people with mild\/moderate dementia and 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care","volume":"9","author":"M Law","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"9920","key":"pone.0327868.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60688-1","article-title":"Delirium in elderly people","volume":"383","author":"SK Inouye","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0327868.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1053\/ejvs.2000.1130","article-title":"Postoperative delirium in patients with chronic lower limb ischaemia: what are the specific markers?","volume":"20","author":"Y Sasajima","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0327868.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193146","article-title":"G*Power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences","volume":"39","author":"F Faul","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behav Res 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