{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T02:41:17Z","timestamp":1755830477755,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755734400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005902","name":"D\u00c3\u00a9l\u00c3\u00a9gation G\u00c3\u00a9n\u00c3\u00a9rale pour l'Armement","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005902","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Caregivers in intensive care units are exposed to high levels of stress, which were exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic, increasing the incidence of stress-related disorders, including burnout.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We evaluated the influence of mindfulness and coping flexibility in the early days of burnout development in a prospective study of 50 military caregivers working in a mobile resuscitation unit during the COVID-19 pandemic. We visited the participants at the end of deployment (day 0; D0) and three weeks later (D21). On D0, the participants completed questionnaires assessing mindfulness (Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory; FMI), coping flexibility (Flexcop), and burnout (Burnout Measure, Short Version; BMS). Subjective sleep symptoms were also assessed to evaluate their relationship with burnout. The BMS was repeated on D21.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Four short-term burnout evolutions were observed: (i) \u201chealthy\u201d on D0 and D21; (ii) \u201cexhausted,\u201d healthy on D0 and burnout on D21; (iii) \u201cresilient,\u201d burnout on D0 and healthy on D21; and (iv) \u201cburnout\u201d on D0 and D21. Compared with healthy participants on D0, only resilient participants had lower FMI (\u03b72\u2009=\u20090.22; p\u2009=\u20090.032). Exhausted participants had more difficulty waking, and burnout participants had higher daytime fatigue than healthy participants. FMI scores on D0 negatively correlated with BMS scores on D21 (r\u2009=\u2009\u20120.40 r<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.16 p\u2009=\u20090.009) for the entire population, and also after excluding burnout status at D0 (r\u2009=\u2009\u20120.41 r<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.17 p\u2009=\u20090.02). Flexcop scores on D0 did not correlate with BMS scores on D21.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This study underlines the importance of mindfulness in the early days of burnout onset, and suggests considering its reinforcement for prevention of burnout and its measurement as a potential biomarker of burnout risk.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0328064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T17:45:02Z","timestamp":1755798302000},"page":"e0328064","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Influence of mindfulness and coping flexibility in the early phases of burnout development in intensive care unit healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2880-2948","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Damien","family":"Claverie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana\u00efs","family":"Duffaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Pellissier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandrine","family":"Jacob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9cile","family":"Vigier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0185-9955","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marc","family":"Danguy des D\u00e9serts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2337-7874","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pierre","family":"Pasquier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Escarment","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Canini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0592-4547","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marion","family":"Trousselard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"24","key":"pone.0328064.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12975","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182412975","article-title":"The Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on Front Line Nurses: A Synthesis of Qualitative Evidence","volume":"18","author":"S Huerta-Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"21","key":"pone.0328064.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11432","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182111432","article-title":"Prevalence, Risk Factors and Burnout Levels in Intensive Care Unit Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"18","author":"S Ram\u00edrez-Elvira","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0328064.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.13075\/ijomeh.1896.02007","article-title":"Prevalence of burnout among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic and associated factors - a scoping review","volume":"36","author":"A Stodolska","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Occup Med Environ Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0328064.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-017-4153-7","article-title":"A systematic review including meta-analysis of work environment and burnout symptoms","volume":"17","author":"G Aronsson","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0328064.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1111\/sjop.12251","article-title":"Stress-related exhaustion disorder--clinical manifestation of burnout? 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