{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T00:06:53Z","timestamp":1752192413037,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Secretaria Municipal de Sa\u00fade de Salvador"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006507","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006507","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Universidade Federal da Bahia"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["311365\/2021-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["311365\/2021-3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Work ability is a subjective concept that reflects the balance between an individual\u2019s perception of the physical, mental, and social demands of work and their competence and resources to meet those demands. The COVID-19 crisis significantly impacted health, work, and socioeconomic conditions worldwide. However, few studies have examined work ability in disadvantaged urban communities during this period. To analyze factors associated with work ability within the context of social vulnerability during the COVID-19 pandemic, we conducted a cross-sectional study in a low-income neighborhood in Salvador, Brazil, between February and June 2022. Sociodemographic, health, and labor data were collected, and work ability was assessed using the Work Ability Index (WAI), a widely used tool for evaluating work ability. Multivariable analyses based on a hierarchical model were run to investigate factors associated with low WAI scores. The study included 292 workers aged \u226516 years (59.6% women; median age 41 years). Most workers (84.6%) were classified as having adequate work ability based on their WAI scores. Multivariable analyses found that inadequate work ability was more frequent among women (prevalence ratio [PR]: 1.89, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-3.48), individuals who self-rated their health as moderate\/good (PR: 5.91; 95% CI: 1.45-24.05) or poor\/very poor (PR: 21.62; 95% CI: 5.14-90.91) compared to those with excellent\/very good health, and those reporting diabetes (PR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.13-3.9). Working &gt;40 hours per week (PR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.28-0.96) was negatively associated with inadequate work ability, suggesting that individuals with adequate work ability may be selected for longer working hours. A history of COVID-19 was not associated with inadequate work ability. These findings suggest that targeted interventions to improve work ability in low-income communities should prioritize women and workers with chronic health conditions, such as diabetes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0328127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T17:46:11Z","timestamp":1752169571000},"page":"e0328127","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Work ability during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study in a low-income urban setting in Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Ana Paula C\u00e2ndido","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela Alencar","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristiane Wanderley","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tereza","family":"Magalh\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosangela Oliveira","family":"Anjos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eduardo Jos\u00e9 Farias Borges","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kionna Oliveira Bernardes","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6798-2059","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Guilherme Sousa","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0328127.ref001","author":"United Nations University","year":"2022"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0328127.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2020-106567","article-title":"The COVID-19 pandemic: major risks to healthcare and other workers on the front line","volume":"77","author":"MR Sim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0328127.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.3956","article-title":"The COVID-19 pandemic: one year later \u2013 an occupational perspective","volume":"47","author":"A Burdorf","year":"2021","journal-title":"Scand J Work Environ Health"},{"key":"pone.0328127.ref004","article-title":"A sa\u00fade do trabalhador e o enfrentamento da COVID-19","volume":"45","author":"JMJ Fiho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rev bras sa\u00fade ocup"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0328127.ref005","article-title":"Trabalho, sa\u00fade e vulnerabilidade na pandemia de COVID-19","volume":"36","author":"KOB Santos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cad Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0328127.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.3893","article-title":"The COVID-19 (Coronavirus) pandemic: consequences for occupational health","volume":"46","author":"A Burdorf","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scand J Work Environ Health"},{"key":"pone.0328127.ref007","first-page":"111","article-title":"Os trabalhadores invisiveis da sa\u00fade \u2013 a invisibilidade em quest\u00e3o.","volume-title":"A Pandemia e o Trabalho em Sa\u00fade: vozes do cotidiano","author":"MH Machado","year":"2022"},{"key":"pone.0328127.ref008","article-title":"As dimens\u00f5es da precariza\u00e7\u00e3o do trabalho em face da pandemia de Covid-19","volume":"19","author":"O Souza D de","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trab educ sa\u00fade"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0328127.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1590\/1981-7746-sol00297","article-title":"A Espiral da Destrui\u00e7\u00e3o: legado neoliberal, pandemia e precariza\u00e7\u00e3o do trabalho","volume":"18","author":"L Praun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trab educ sa\u00fade"},{"key":"pone.0328127.ref010","volume-title":"Global Wage Report 2020\u201321: Wages and minimum wages in the time of COVID-19","author":"International Labour Office","year":"2020"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0328127.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3662","DOI":"10.3390\/su12093662","article-title":"Teleworking in the context of the Covid-19 Crisis","volume":"12","author":"A Belzunegui-Eraso","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"pone.0328127.ref012","author":"Brasil. 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schedules?","volume":"27","author":"M Yong","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chronobiol Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0328127.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/26.1.224","article-title":"The role of conceptual frameworks in epidemiological analysis: a hierarchical approach","volume":"26","author":"CG Victora","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"pone.0328127.ref039","author":"Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estat\u00edstica IBGE","year":"2021"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0328127.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.23749\/mdl.v113i4.12834","article-title":"Evaluation of work ability index and its association with job stress and musculoskeletal disorders among midwives during the Covid-19 pandemic","volume":"113","author":"M Amirmahani","year":"2022","journal-title":"La Medicina del Lavoro"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0328127.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.shaw.2021.11.004","article-title":"Occupational profile, psychosocial aspects, and work ability of brazilian workers during COVID-19 pandemic: IMPPAC cohort","volume":"13","author":"MA Andrade","year":"2022","journal-title":"Safety Health Work"},{"issue":"21","key":"pone.0328127.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7836","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17217836","article-title":"Work ability assessment and its relationship with cardiovascular autonomic profile in postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome","volume":"17","author":"F Barbic","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"pone.0328127.ref043","article-title":"Occupational and leisure time physical activity of territorial army soldiers during the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of their perceived work ability","author":"M Grabara","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Occup Med Environ Health"},{"issue":"23","key":"pone.0328127.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12563","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182312563","article-title":"Relationships between physical activity, work ability, absenteeism and presenteeism in Australian and New Zealand adults during COVID-19","volume":"18","author":"JR Hunter","year":"2021","journal-title":"IJERPH"},{"issue":"23","key":"pone.0328127.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12509","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182312509","article-title":"Age-Differentiated leadership and healthy aging at work: evidence from the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"18","author":"RJ Koziel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0328127.ref046","article-title":"Job burnout and its impact on work ability in biosafety laboratory staff during the COVID-19 epidemic in Xinjiang","volume":"21","author":"Y Lu","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Psych"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0328127.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1590\/S0034-89101999000600012","article-title":"Envelhecimento funcional e condi\u00e7\u00f5es de trabalho em servidores forenses","volume":"33","author":"SM Bellusci","year":"1999","journal-title":"Rev Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0328127.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1590\/S1415-790X2011000400015","article-title":"Fatores associados \u00e0 capacidade para o trabalho e percep\u00e7\u00e3o de fadiga em trabalhadores de enfermagem da Amaz\u00f4nia ocidental","volume":"14","author":"SP Vasconcelos","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rev bras epidemiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0328127.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1590\/S1413-81232012000600026","article-title":"Capacidade para o trabalho e qualidade de vida de trabalhadores industriais","volume":"17","author":"CSN da 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Araujo","year":"2022","journal-title":"APS"},{"key":"pone.0328127.ref053","author":"J Ilmarinen","year":"2008"},{"key":"pone.0328127.ref054","first-page":"40","article-title":"Relationship between the self-assessment and clinical assessment of health status and work ability","author":"L Eskelinen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Scand J Work Environ Health"},{"issue":"04","key":"pone.0328127.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.18574","article-title":"Predictors of post-COVID-19 syndrome: a meta-analysis","volume":"19","author":"R Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Infect Dev Ctries"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0328127.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-19328-6","article-title":"Work ability and return-to-work of patients with post-COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"24","author":"M Ottiger","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Public 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