{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T16:03:44Z","timestamp":1791475424273,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755820800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The use of teas made from locally cultivated\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:italic>Artemisia annua<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    to fight malaria in remote areas where access to care is difficult is a matter of debate. This study aimed at document differences in the composition of\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:italic>A. annua<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    teas cultivated in Benin to be sold as antimalarial teas, and in France, and their impact on antiplasmodial activity.\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:italic>A. annua<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    teas were prepared with plants from one location in south France and from ten different plantations in Benin. Artemisinin was quantified in herbal teas with a liquid chromatography system coupled to mass spectrometry and multiple reaction monitoring detection methods. The herbal teas were tested against chloroquine-sensitive 3D7 strain of\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    using isotopic microtest to determine IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    values and calculate the concentration of artemisinin corresponding to the IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    of the teas [ART(tea)_IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    ]. Chemical profiles were determined by liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry and a metabolomic analysis was performed to annotate compounds statistically linked to the antiplasmodial properties of the teas. Artemisinin content varied between 0.3\u2009mg\/L for tea with plants from France to 15.7\u2009mg\/L for teas made with plants from Benin with differences between locations. Artemisinin content was decreasing after a one-year storage of the plant for 3 localities in Benin with loss of 33%, 48% and 24% (P\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Artemisinin concentrations and antiplasmodial activity of teas were positively correlated although the comparison of ART(tea)_IC\n                    <jats:sub>50s<\/jats:sub>\n                    to IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    of pure artemisinin suggested that other compounds present in the tea were involved in the activity, either enhancing or limiting it. Unknown alkaloids in\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:italic>A. annua<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    teas correlated to antiplasmodial activity were also detected. These findings suggest that\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:italic>A. annua<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    teas deserve further studies to identify other metabolites of interest and determine their role in antiplasmodial activity in relation to other molecules, particularly artemisinin.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0330682","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T17:30:47Z","timestamp":1755883847000},"page":"e0330682","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Comparison of the composition and antiplasmodial activity of Artemisia annua teas using an untargeted metabolomic approach"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2265-4972","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Agn\u00e8s","family":"Aubouy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdou Madjid","family":"Olatound\u00e9 Amoussa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Latifou","family":"Lagnika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Fabre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2256-4866","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Adrien","family":"Vitrai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Claparols","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandrine","family":"Houz\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00e9ronique","family":"Sarrasin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6672-5501","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Florence","family":"Chapeland-Leclerc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3679-428X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gwena\u00ebl","family":"Ruprich-Robert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Bourgeade-Delmas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hounnankpon","family":"Yedomonhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Dumondin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1675-9105","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Val\u00e9rie","family":"Jullian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0330682.ref001","author":"WHO"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0330682.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1314981","article-title":"Spread of artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum malaria","volume":"371","author":"EA Ashley","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0330682.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2471","article-title":"The discovery of artemisinin (qinghaosu) and gifts from Chinese medicine","volume":"17","author":"Y Tu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0330682.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(00)00289-0","article-title":"The potential of Artemisia annua L. as a locally produced remedy for malaria in the tropics: agricultural, chemical and clinical aspects","volume":"73","author":"MS Mueller","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0330682.ref005","article-title":"Artemisia Annua L. 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