{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T22:18:20Z","timestamp":1785449900700,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755820800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Non-anticoagulation is a commonly used strategy in continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) among patients with high-bleeding risk. However, the optimal blood flow rate (BFR) to maximize filter and circuit life remains uncertain. This study is designed to elucidate the impact of different BFRs on the durability of filters and circuits in CRRT without anticoagulation.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This single-center, prospective, three-arm, single-blind, randomized controlled trial (RCT) will involve adult patients requiring non-anticoagulation continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF). A total of 486 filters and circuits will be enrolled and randomly assigned to one of three BFR groups: low (150\u2009mL\/min), medium (200\u2009mL\/min), or high (250\u2009mL\/min) BFR group. The outcomes will be analyzed by both intention-to-treat analysis and per-protocol analysis. The primary outcome is filter and circuit life, which is defined as the time from CRRT initiation to CRRT termination due to extracorporeal circuit clotting or other reasons, alongside the proportion of patent circuits at 24, 48, and 72 hours. Secondary outcomes encompass clinical outcomes and potential adverse events such as bleeding and hemodynamic alterations.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This study is aiming at comparing the filter and circuit life under different BFR levels during CVVHDF without anti-coagulation. The results may add knowledge to the optimal BFR to prevent extracorporeal circulation clotting and prolong filter and circuit life in non-anticoagulation CRRT.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The study has been registered at <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn\" xlink:type=\"simple\">https:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn<\/jats:ext-link> (ChiCTR2400087819).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0330845","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T17:25:14Z","timestamp":1755883514000},"page":"e0330845","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effects of different blood flow rates on filter and circuit life in non-anticoagulation CRRT: Protocol for a three-arm, single-blind randomized controlled trial (the Flow-CRRT Study)"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Caihong","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiongxing","family":"Bu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongxiu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinglei","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jay 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