{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T13:12:35Z","timestamp":1782825155142,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Research Grants of Nature Scientific Foundation of Heilongjiang Province","award":["LH2022C098"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LH2022C098"]}]},{"name":"the 2022 Open Fund of National Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Water Environment","award":["ES202217"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ES202217"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Shallow lakes are vital water resources, playing key roles in water conservation, landscape management, and drinking water supply. However, recent years have seen significant challenges in their ecological protection. Lianhuan Lake is selected as the study area. Water quality characteristics are evaluated using the eutrophication index (TLI), water quality index (WQI) and integrated water quality index (IWQI). High-throughput sequencing (HTS) is employed to analyze microbial diversity and community composition, while gas chromatography (GC) was used to identify commonly used organophosphorus pesticides\u2014including suprofos, coumaphos, prothiophos and mevinphos. Ecological Structure-Activity Relationships (ECOSAR), the Toxicity Estimation Software Tool (T.E.S.T.) and the Risk Quotient (RQ) are used to evaluate the ecological safety of Lianhuan Lake. The results indicate that the water quality of the Lianhuan Lake is class V, mildly eutrophic. A total of 1,062 microbial genera are identified in the sediments and water samples. The order of influence of water quality indicators on bacterial diversity is pH\u2009&gt;\u2009TP\u2009&gt;\u2009DO\u2009&gt;\u2009TN\u2009&gt;\u2009NH3-N\u2009&gt;\u2009NO2-N\u2009&gt;\u2009WT. Ten distinct organic phosphorus contaminants are detected. Nine of these compounds exhibited varying degrees of acute and chronic toxicity to fish, daphnia, and algae. Suprofos, coumaphos and prothiophos are highly toxic to daphnia. Suprofos, mevinphos and prothiophos have high ecological risk. These findings not only provide critical insights for the targeted management and pollution control of Lianhuan Lake but also underscore the need for monitoring organophosphorus pesticide residues in shallow lakes worldwide to protect aquatic ecosystems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0332712","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T17:28:11Z","timestamp":1758907691000},"page":"e0332712","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Analysis of bacterial biodiversity and ecological risk evaluation of organophosphorus in Lianhuan Lake"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Shang","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ran","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5216-807X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0332712.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/s10040-021-02422-z","article-title":"Landscape controls of surface-water\/groundwater interactions on shallow outwash lakes: how the long-term groundwater signal overrides interannual variability due to evaporative effects","volume":"30","author":"KJ Hokanson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hydrogeol J"},{"key":"pone.0332712.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2020.106283","article-title":"Effect of increasing of water level during the middle of dry season on landscape pattern of the two largest freshwater lakes of China","volume":"113","author":"H Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ecological Indicators"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0332712.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-019-0744-0","article-title":"The fungicide azoxystrobin promotes freshwater cyanobacterial dominance through altering competition","volume":"7","author":"T Lu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"pone.0332712.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141618","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141618","article-title":"Assessment and management of lake eutrophication: A case study in Lake Erhai, China","volume":"751","author":"S-S Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"pone.0332712.ref005","first-page":"1","article-title":"Study on the seasonal succession of phytoplankton community and its driving factors in Chaohu Lake","author":"C Zhu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environmental Monitoring in China"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0332712.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"063004","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-9326\/acd071","article-title":"Recent advancement in water quality indicators for eutrophication in global freshwater lakes","volume":"18","author":"K Suresh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ Res Lett"},{"key":"pone.0332712.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2023.123011","article-title":"Fish-mussel-algae-bacteria model remedied eutrophication pollution: Application in Dongxiang district reservoir","volume":"342","author":"J Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"pone.0332712.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.09.137","article-title":"Assessment of eutrophication and water quality in the estuarine area of Lake Wuli, Lake Taihu, China","volume":"650","author":"J Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"pone.0332712.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mohammed Y, Salih GHA, Thiruchelvam S. 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