{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T16:42:13Z","timestamp":1787244133661,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759795200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the global burden of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) among women of reproductive age from 1990 to 2021.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study analyzed population-based data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database on the incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of PCOS in reproductive-aged women. Age-standardized rates for incidence (ASIR), prevalence (ASPR), and DALYs (ASDR) were calculated per 100,000 population, with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Data from 204 countries and territories were stratified by age, location, and socio-demographic index (SDI).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Globally, the burden of PCOS among reproductive-aged women in 2021 was characterized by ASIR of 64.44 (95% UI: 39.07, 103.40) per 100,000 population, ASPR of 3364.53 (95% UI: 2395.08, 4681.81) per 100,000 population, and ASDR of 29.51 (95% UI: 13.09, 61.49) per 100,000 population. Moreover, the pace of increase in ASIR, ASPR, and ASDR accelerated during 1990\u20132021, with estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) of 0.65 (95% CI: 0.62, 0.69), 0.74 (95% CI: 0.70, 0.77), and 0.72 (95% CI: 0.68, 0.76), respectively. Among the five SDI regions, the middle SDI region exhibited the highest EAPCs for incidence (1.39; 95% CI: 1.34, 1.43), prevalence (1.39; 95% CI: 1.34, 1.43), and DALYs (1.73; 95% CI: 1.69, 1.78). Regionally, the High-income Asia Pacific region demonstrated the highest ASIR of 308.16 (95% UI: 485.83, 171.53) per 100,000 population. At the national level, Japan exhibited the highest ASIR of 360.92 (95% UI: 199.08, 573.59) per 100,000 population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The global burden of PCOS among women of reproductive age has shown a consistent upward trend in incidence, prevalence, and DALYs. A comprehensive understanding of the epidemiology of PCOS among women of reproductive age is essential for informing targeted prevention strategies and optimizing disease control measures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0333000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T17:27:43Z","timestamp":1759858063000},"page":"e0333000","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Global burden of polycystic ovary syndrome in women of reproductive age, 1990\u20132021: Analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021 with projections to 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