{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T15:27:29Z","timestamp":1788362849667,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760659200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"TNO","award":["Internal research programs of TNO, \u201cERP Body brain interactions\u201d and \u201cPMC Brain Health\u201d"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Internal research programs of TNO, \u201cERP Body brain interactions\u201d and \u201cPMC Brain Health\u201d"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SFB1123-A2 and -A3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFB1123-A2 and -A3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Germany\u2019s Excellence Strategy within the framework of the Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (EXC 2145 SyNergy\u2014ID 390857198)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Germany\u2019s Excellence Strategy within the framework of the Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (EXC 2145 SyNergy\u2014ID 390857198)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Visceral white adipose tissue (WAT) dysfunction may contribute to obesity-related brain impairments but causal relationship has not been demonstrated. We herein investigated the impact of visceral epididymal WAT (eWAT) lipectomy on brain health and obesity-associated comorbidities (liver steatosis, atherosclerosis, WAT dysfunction) in obese Ldlr-\/-.Leiden mice. High-fat diet (HFD)-fed obese mice underwent sham surgery or partial removal (~70%) of eWAT. A separate group of mice was kept on chow diet (control). Liver disease, atherosclerosis and three WAT depots were examined histologically, and WAT biopsies were also cultured\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    . Brain structure and function were monitored longitudinally using cognitive tests and neuroimaging, paralleled by histological analysis of brain pathology and hippocampal RNA-sequencing. In\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    WAT culture, the surgically removed eWAT portion secreted many adipokines and pro-inflammatory factors. Histological analyses at the end of the study showed that eWAT-lipectomy did not affect liver disease and atherosclerosis development, but reduced the number of severely hypertrophic adipocytes in the residual-eWAT. This was consistent with reduced secretion of adipokines (e.g., leptin, adiponectin) and pro-inflammatory mediators (e.g., PAI-1, MIP-1\u03b1\/CCL3, IL-17) from the residual-eWAT in the\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    culturing experiments. Importantly, lipectomy alleviated HFD-induced adverse effects on hippocampal vasoreactivity, increased cortico-hippocampal (resting-state) functional connectivity and prevented the development of sedentary behavior. Lipectomy did not significantly affect histological neuroinflammation or circulating cytokines\/chemokines, but increased specific free fatty acids (e.g., eicosatrienoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, known to have anti-inflammatory and vaso-protective properties). Hence, partial eWAT lipectomy in mice with manifest obesity partly prevents hippocampal cerebrovascular disturbances, demonstrating a causal involvement of visceral WAT in obesity-associated brain impairments. The beneficial effects of eWAT lipectomy may, at least partly, be mediated by anti-inflammatory free fatty acids, and possible changes in release of adipokines and inflammatory mediators.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0333024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T17:23:23Z","timestamp":1760721803000},"page":"e0333024","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Partial removal of visceral epididymal white adipose tissue in obese Ldlr-\/-.Leiden mice impacts adipokine secretion, plasma free fatty acids, and improves cerebrovascular health"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Florine","family":"Seidel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martine 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