{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T14:01:47Z","timestamp":1790949707724,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759968000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82101317"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82101317"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023JJ60514"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023JJ60514"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022JJ40739"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022JJ40739"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Inflammatory pain poses a significant clinical challenge, with its underlying mechanisms not yet fully elucidated. This study investigated the role of Caveolin-1 (Cav1) in inflammatory pain and elucidated its molecular mechanisms.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We analyzed public databases and employed a mouse model of inflammatory pain induced by complete Freund\u2019s adjuvant (CFA). <jats:italic><jats:italic>Cav1<\/jats:italic><\/jats:italic>-knockout <jats:italic><jats:italic>(Cav1<\/jats:italic><\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>-\/-<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup>) mice were used to evaluate Cav1\u2019s function. The study incorporated behavioral tests, immunohistochemistry and molecular analyses. BV2 microglial cells served as the in vitro model.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Following CFA injection, Cav1 expression was markedly elevated in the dorsal horn of spinal cord, correlating with pain behavior and inflammatory responses. <jats:italic><jats:italic>Cav1<\/jats:italic><\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>-\/-<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup> mice demonstrated significantly reduced pain behavior and inflammatory responses after CFA induction. Mechanistically, Cav1 enhanced inflammation by activating the cGAS-STING pathway and inhibiting autophagy. In BV2 microglia, Cav1 overexpression increased proinflammatory cytokine expression (TNF-\u03b1, IL-1\u03b2, IL-6) while inhibiting autophagy, whereas <jats:italic><jats:italic>Cav1<\/jats:italic><\/jats:italic> knockdown produced opposing effects.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This study reveals a novel role of Cav1 in inflammatory pain, demonstrating its regulation of inflammation through modulation of the cGAS-STING pathway and autophagy. These findings advance our understanding of the pathogenesis of inflammatory pain and identify Cav1 as a potential therapeutic target.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0333646","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:31:40Z","timestamp":1760031100000},"page":"e0333646","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Caveolin-1 knockout improves CFA-induced inflammatory pain in adult mice through modulating the cGAS STING pathway and 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