{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T17:37:50Z","timestamp":1761673070851,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pregnancy is a particularly delicate period in which many health-related changes lead to changes in the perception of women\u2019s well-being, in both physiological and especially high-risk pregnancies. In high-risk pregnancies, the relationship between illness perception and general well-being is even more complicated as sometimes there might not be any apparent signs or symptoms, but the pregnant woman or foetus still might be at risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the validity and reliability of the existing Serbian version of the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ) in a specific population of pregnant women with high-risk pregnancies (HRP).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a cross-sectional study including 290 patients hospitalized at the Clinic for Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Clinical Centre of Serbia. The research instrument was a questionnaire with six sections: 1) socio-demographic; 2) pregnancy-related; 3) COVID-19 pandemic\u2013related data 4) B-IPQ; 5) The World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF) and 6) The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale \u2013 21 Items (DASS-21). Psychometric properties of the Serbian version of B-IPQ were analysed through factorial structure and internal consistency (reliability). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to confirm the original two-dimensional structure of the IP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Analysis of internal consistency of the Serbian version of the eight-item IPQ-B showed that Cronbach\u2019s alpha of the entire scale was 0.7, indicating good scale reliability. IP correlated significantly with QoL related to mental health, stress, anxiety, and depression levels. The consequence domain of IP affected mental health mostly. IP was one of the main direct predictors of QoL and an indirect predictor through depression, anxiety, and stress levels. Marital status, hypertension in pregnancy, fear for health during the COVID-19 pandemic, and being informed during the COVID-19 pandemic had direct negative effects on IP, and indirectly on QoL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec005\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Serbian version of IPQ-B has good reliability and validity for illness perception in high-risk pregnancies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0334844","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T17:22:08Z","timestamp":1761672128000},"page":"e0334844","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["First Balkan Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-B) among high-risk pregnancies"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5924-9199","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maja","family":"Macura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jovana","family":"Todorovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vedrana","family":"Pavlovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9176-9736","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Katarina","family":"Ivanovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivana","family":"Novakovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Milo\u0161","family":"Milin\u010di\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miroslava","family":"Gojni\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0334844.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-020-03190-6","article-title":"Well-being in high-risk pregnancy: an integrative review","volume":"20","author":"K Mirzakhani","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"pone.0334844.ref002","unstructured":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development - NICHD [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2023 Nov 21]. Available from: https:\/\/www.nichd.nih.gov\/health\/topics\/factsheets\/high-risk"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0334844.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2055102919844504","article-title":"Illness perception and high readmission health outcomes","volume":"6","author":"AT Sawyer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Health Psychol Open"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0334844.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1080\/08870446.2015.1070851","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire","volume":"30","author":"E Broadbent","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychol Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0334844.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1177\/1359105313504235","article-title":"Trajectories of illness perceptions in persons with chronic illness: An explorative longitudinal study","volume":"20","author":"T Bonsaksen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Health Psychol"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0334844.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0258740","article-title":"How I see is how I feel. Identification of illness perception schema and its association with adaptation outcomes in multiple sclerosis - a 5-year prospective study","volume":"16","author":"J R\u00f3\u017cycka","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0334844.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-017-1735-x","article-title":"Mental health, loneliness, and illness perception outcomes in quality of life among young breast cancer patients after mastectomy: the role of breast reconstruction","volume":"27","author":"I Fanakidou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0334844.ref008","article-title":"Antibiotics for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy","volume":"2019","author":"FM Smaill","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0334844.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1007\/s13224-020-01370-0","article-title":"Post-caesarean niche (isthmocele) in uterine scar: An update","volume":"70","author":"V Kulshrestha","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol India"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0334844.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1607444","article-title":"Anticipatory Corticosteroid Administration to Asymptomatic Women with a Short Cervix","volume":"35","author":"DS Richards","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0334844.ref011","article-title":"Comparison of clinical features and pregnancy outcomes in early- and late-onset preeclampsia with HELLP syndrome: a 10-year retrospective study from a tertiary hospital and referral center in China","volume":"22","author":"B Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"pone.0334844.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.2147\/IJWH.S361643","article-title":"Quality of Life During Pregnancy from 2011 to 2021: Systematic Review","volume":"14","author":"A Boutib","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Womens Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0334844.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-018-0904-4","article-title":"The prevalence and determinants of depression among HIV positive perinatal women receiving antiretroviral therapy in India","volume":"22","author":"A Sarna","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch Womens Ment Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0334844.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.3109\/02770903.2011.631239","article-title":"Psychosocial outcomes are related to asthma control and quality of life in pregnant women with asthma","volume":"48","author":"H Powell","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Asthma"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0334844.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1177\/10398562211038910","article-title":"There\u2019s no sugar-coating psychological distress and illness perceptions in gestational diabetes mellitus: depression and anxiety are associated with negative illness perceptions","volume":"30","author":"PA Maguire","year":"2022","journal-title":"Australas Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0334844.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12103358","article-title":"Disease perception and mental health in pregnancies with gestational diabetes - PsychDiab pilot study","volume":"12","author":"C Riess","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0334844.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1080\/01443610310001620251","article-title":"Psychological health in early pregnancy: relationship with nausea and vomiting","volume":"24","author":"BL Swallow","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0334844.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0254956","article-title":"Perceptions of risk in pregnancy with chronic disease: A systematic review and thematic synthesis","volume":"16","author":"ER Ralston","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0334844.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.12082","article-title":"Gender differences revealed by the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire in allergic rhinitis","volume":"8","author":"D Pesut","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Respir J"},{"key":"pone.0334844.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van Benten E, de Kruif A, Kiers H, Coppieters MW, Pool-Goudzwaard AL. Exploring health and illness perceptions to identify the perceived cause of pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain. A mixed-methods study among primiparous women in The Netherlands. Midwifery [Internet]. 2024 Feb 1 [cited 2025 Jan 6];129. Available from: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38043479\/","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2023.103892"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0334844.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.16104","article-title":"Relationship between illness perception and self-management behaviors among women with gestational diabetes mellitus in China during the COVID-19 pandemic: A mediating role of depression","volume":"50","author":"J Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"key":"pone.0334844.ref022","unstructured":"WHOQOL - Files| The World Health Organization [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2023 Nov 26]. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/tools\/whoqol\/whoqol-bref"},{"key":"pone.0334844.ref023","unstructured":"Psihometrijska evaluacija Skale depresivnosti, anksioznosti i stresa-21 (DASS-21) na uzorku studenata u Srbiji [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2023 Nov 26]. Available from: https:\/\/scindeks.ceon.rs\/article.aspx?artid=0048-57051401093J"},{"key":"pone.0334844.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Broadbent E, Petrie KJ, Main J, Weinman J. The Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire. 2006.","DOI":"10.1037\/t10379-000"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0334844.ref025","first-page":"97","article-title":"Process of translation and adaptation of instruments","volume":"227","author":"S Kurosawa","year":"2009","journal-title":"WHO"},{"key":"pone.0334844.ref026","volume-title":"Using Multivariate Statistics","author":"BG Tabachnick","year":"2013","edition":"6"},{"key":"pone.0334844.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v048.i06","article-title":"Mirt: A multidimensional item response theory package for the R environment","volume":"48","author":"RP Chalmers","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"key":"pone.0334844.ref028","unstructured":"R Core Team. R A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. - References - Scientific Research Publishing [Internet]. 2025 [cited 2025 Sep 6]. Available from: https:\/\/www.scirp.org\/reference\/referencespapers?referenceid=3967248"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0334844.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogoh.2018.05.014","article-title":"Management of pregnancy based on healthcare consumption of women who delivered in France in 2015: Contribution of the national health data system (SNDS)","volume":"47","author":"C Piffaretti","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod"},{"key":"pone.0334844.ref030","article-title":"Hospitalization during pregnancy according to childbirth financial coverage: a population-based study","volume":"52","author":"LP Falavina","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev Esc Enferm USP"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0334844.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3358","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12103358","article-title":"Disease Perception and Mental Health in Pregnancies with Gestational Diabetes-PsychDiab Pilot Study","volume":"12","author":"C Rie\u00df","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0334844.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1177\/10398562211038910","article-title":"There\u2019s no sugar-coating psychological distress and illness perceptions in gestational diabetes mellitus: depression and anxiety are associated with negative illness perceptions","volume":"30","author":"PA Maguire","year":"2022","journal-title":"Australas Psychiatry"},{"issue":"03","key":"pone.0334844.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.4172\/2167-0846.1000122","article-title":"Evaluation Of The Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire In Sub-Acute And Chronic Low Back Pain Patients: Data Quality, Reliability And Validity","volume":"02","author":"GA Storheim K","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pain Relief"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0334844.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13186","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (Brief-IPQ) in periodontal diseases","volume":"46","author":"V Machado","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0334844.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.4103\/2347-5625.199080","article-title":"Factor structure and psychometric properties of the brief illness perception questionnaire in Turkish cancer patients","volume":"4","author":"T Karatas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs"},{"key":"pone.0334844.ref036","article-title":"Evaluating the Turkish validity and reliability of the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire in periodontal diseases","volume":"9","author":"C \u00d6nder","year":"2023","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"issue":"18","key":"pone.0334844.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9601","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18189601","article-title":"Psychometric Testing of the Bahasa Version of the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire among Indonesians with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","volume":"18","author":"YA Rias","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"pone.0334844.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2023.111418","article-title":"Association of illness perceptions and exclusive breastfeeding intentions among pregnant women with chronic conditions: A community-based pregnancy cohort study","volume":"172","author":"NV Scime","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"pone.0334844.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18332\/ejm\/145963","article-title":"Assessment of quality of life and psycho-emotional burden in pregnant women in Greece","volume":"6","author":"M Saridi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Midwifery"},{"key":"pone.0334844.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101837","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.101837","article-title":"Health-related quality of life during three trimesters of pregnancy in Morocco: cross-sectional pilot study","volume":"57","author":"A Boutib","year":"2023","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"pone.0334844.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801035","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.801035","article-title":"Profile and Predictors of Maternal Quality of Life During Physiological Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Analysis","volume":"9","author":"R Ishaq","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Public Health"}],"container-title":["PLOS One"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0334844","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T17:22:17Z","timestamp":1761672137000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0334844"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Marano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0334844","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]}}}