{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T18:29:16Z","timestamp":1762280956051,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762214400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"HIBAH PUTI Q1","award":["NKB-490\/UN2.RST\/HKP.05.00\/2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NKB-490\/UN2.RST\/HKP.05.00\/2022"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Understanding resistance to COVID-19 measures is crucial, since it undermines public health efforts during crises. Building on prior research showing the crucial role of individual psychological factors in shaping responses to such efforts, we focus on psychological factors involved. Specifically, we examine such psychological factors that shape support for COVID-19 measures by conceptualizing them as extreme measures\u2014restrictions that significantly alter daily life\u2014thus enabling the application of the 3N model of extreme behavior. Drawing on data from the multinational dataset (N\u2009=\u200962,983) across 114 countries, we tested the role of two types of needs\/losses: collective loss and personal loss. The results reveal a differential pattern: collective loss is associated with lower support for extreme measures, while personal loss is associated with higher support. Both effects are mediated by perceived social network norms, though the strength of mediation differs. These findings extend the 3N model by highlighting how distinct types of loss shape responses to extreme measures, and they offer implications for designing public policies that address both individual and collective concerns.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0335241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T18:24:38Z","timestamp":1762280678000},"page":"e0335241","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The 3N Model and collective support for extreme measures to combat COVID-19"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5195-2296","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mirra Noor","family":"Milla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jocelyn J.","family":"B\u00e9langer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Winnifred R.","family":"Louis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0547-9359","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Haykal Hafizul","family":"Arifin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Umar H.","family":"Sulaiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aly","family":"Lamuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norberta Fauko","family":"Firdiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0335241.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095064","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.1095064","article-title":"Editorial: Nature-based social prescriptions for improving health and wellbeing","volume":"13","author":"C Wood","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0335241.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0275319","article-title":"Life satisfaction, resilience and coping mechanisms among medical students during COVID-19","volume":"17","author":"SI Haider","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"pone.0335241.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2021.02.025","article-title":"Vaccine hesitancy in the era of COVID-19","volume":"194","author":"G Troiano","year":"2021","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"key":"pone.0335241.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2023.112522","article-title":"Individual differences and anti-vaccine radical collective action intention: The moderating role of group norms","volume":"220","author":"AN Gajda","year":"2024","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0335241.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1842","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-022-14177-7","article-title":"On the effectiveness of COVID-19 restrictions and lockdowns: Pan metron ariston","volume":"22","author":"L Spiliopoulos","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"pone.0335241.ref006","unstructured":"Sandford A. 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