{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T17:38:36Z","timestamp":1761932316282,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761868800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Child violence is a global concern affecting the well-being and development of children and adolescents worldwide. Despite the obvious need, few studies on child violence have been conducted in clinical samples, especially in low- and middle-income countries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of different types of violence in past-year among adolescent psychiatric patients in Nepal.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Participants and setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The participants were 810 adolescents aged 11\u201315, 392 boys and 418 girls, who visited a child- and adolescent psychiatric outpatient unit in Kathmandu during a 12-month period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used a descriptive, quantitative, cross-sectional design. Data was collected with screening instruments completed by the adolescents themselves. Prevalence rates and range of occurrence of various forms of child violence were computed for both genders. Gender comparisons were conducted using Pearson chi-square tests. Adolescents rated the occurrence in the \u201crarely\u201d, \u201csometimes\u201d, \u201coften\u201d or \u201cfrequently\u201d categories. Associations between the different forms were examined by Spearman\u2019s correlation test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec005\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study 88% of adolescents had experienced some forms of violence, girls reporting higher prevalence than boys last year. Emotional abuse was the most common. Neglect was reported by 25% of the adolescents, and domestic violence by 40%. Sixty percent of the adolescents had experienced peer aggression. Nearly 75% of the adolescents had experienced polyvictimization and it was higher in girls than boys. Significant correlations were found between several forms of violence, indicating compounded risks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec006\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study demonstrates high prevalence of multiple forms of violence among adolescent psychiatric patients, calling for increased awareness of child violence in young patients admitted to mental health institutions in Nepal.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0335396","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T17:22:21Z","timestamp":1761931341000},"page":"e0335396","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevalence of violence in a clinical sample of adolescent patients visiting a child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient clinic in Nepal"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5131-8172","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rampukar","family":"Sah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Per H\u00e5kan","family":"Br\u00f8ndbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6374-1039","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jasmine","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ketil Lenert","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Narmada","family":"Devkota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bj\u00f8rn Helge","family":"Handeg\u00e5rd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne Cecilie","family":"Javo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0335396.ref001","volume-title":"Global Status Report on preventing violence against children 2020","author":"World Health Organization, United Nations","year":"2020"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0335396.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001349","article-title":"The long-term health consequences of child physical abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"RE Norman","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"pone.0335396.ref003","unstructured":"United Nations. 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