{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T17:54:37Z","timestamp":1761933277855,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761868800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["057212"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["057212"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The use of MALDI-TOF MS for mosquito identification and surveillance is routinely used in developed countries as an affordable alternative to molecular methods. However, in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) where mosquito-borne diseases carry the greatest burden, the method is not commonly employed. Using the Kenyan national malaria program (NMCP) as a case study, we compared the costs of current methods used for malaria vector surveillance to those that would be incurred if MALDI-TOF MS were used instead.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A deterministic decision tree analytic model was developed to systematically calculate the costs associated with materials and labour, and time-to-results for two workflows, i.e., current molecular methods versus MALDI-TOF MS. The analysis assumed an annual sample size of 15,000 mosquitoes (representing the average number of mosquitoes analysed annually by the Kenyan NMCP) processed at a local laboratory in Kenya.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We estimate that if the Kenyan national entomological surveillance program shifted sample processing completely to MALDI-TOF MS, it would result in 74.48% net time saving, up to 84% on material costs and 77% on labour costs, resulting in an overall direct cost savings of 83%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Interpretation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adoption of MALDI-TOF MS for malaria vector surveillance can result in substantial time and cost savings. The ease of performance, the rapid turn-around time, and the modest cost per sample may bring a paradigm shift in routine entomological surveillance in Africa.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0335764","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T17:51:51Z","timestamp":1761933111000},"page":"e0335764","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["MALDI-TOF MS for malaria vector surveillance: A cost-comparison analysis using a decision-tree 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