{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T18:43:48Z","timestamp":1763145828491,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763078400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Subject Assistance Program of the Strategic Support Force Medical Center","award":["21XK0101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21XK0101"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"\n Background and objectives<\/jats:title>\n Vertebral artery (VA) duplication is an infrequent vascular variation with a dearth of information on hemodynamic parameters. In this study, color Doppler ultrasonography was utilized to evaluate the origins and hemodynamic features of VA duplication to offer a solid reference for clinicians who are endeavoring to gain insights into this particular form of vascular anomaly.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with VA duplication detected by color Doppler ultrasonography. The analysis focused on the origins, the transverse course, diameter and the peak systolic velocity (PSV) of each segment of the duplicated VA.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n In the 36 branches in 18 subjecte identified as VA duplication, 27 branches originated from the subclavian artery and 9 branches originated from the aortic arch. The incidence of variation in the non-C6 entry of the medial branch was 94.4%. Significant differences (P\u2009<\u20090.01) were found in the diameter between the lateral and medial branches, as well as between the medial branch and the convergent VA. Moreover, significant differences in PSV were noted between the medial and lateral branches (P\u2009=\u20090.035) and between the medial branch and the convergent VA (P\u2009=\u20090.015).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n VA duplication is correlated with substantial alterations in both the origin and the entry level into the transverse foramen. In our case series of VA duplication, the diameter and PSV of the medial branch is different from that of the convergent VA or the lateral branch, which might be useful for neuro-interventionalists and neck surgeons.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0336216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T18:38:12Z","timestamp":1763145492000},"page":"e0336216","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Anatomic and hemodynamic characterization of vertebral artery duplication via color doppler ultrasonography"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Xue","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenbo","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wanling","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tian","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dongxu","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7367-4423","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Li","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0336216.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.3340\/jkns.2017.0202.007","article-title":"Duplicated Vertebral Artery\u00a0: Literature Review and Clinical Significance","volume":"61","author":"MS Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Korean Neurosurg Soc"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0336216.ref002","first-page":"341","article-title":"Diagnostic value and clinical significance of color Doppler ultrasound in duplication of vertebral artery","volume":"15","author":"P Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Clinicians (Electronic Edition)"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0336216.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1186\/s40064-016-2807-z","article-title":"Duplication of the right vertebral artery: MRA findings and review of the literature","volume":"5","author":"J Baik","year":"2016","journal-title":"Springerplus"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0336216.ref004","first-page":"251","article-title":"Diagnostic value of 64-slice spiral computed tomography angiography in displaying puplication of vertebral artery","volume":"32","author":"H Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Radiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0336216.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-020-02638-w","article-title":"Dual origin of vertebral artery and intimal relationship with spontaneous artery dissection: a case report and systematic review","volume":"43","author":"DWB do Nascimento","year":"2021","journal-title":"Surg Radiol Anat"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0336216.ref006","article-title":"Incidental Finding of a Duplicated Vertebral Artery Followed by a Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistula on Spinal Angiography","volume":"12","author":"L Mugge","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0336216.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.4103\/aian.aian_652_23","article-title":"Posterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke in Association with Vertebral Artery Duplication: A Case Report and Review of Literature","volume":"26","author":"T Srivastava","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Indian Acad Neurol"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0336216.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.22231","article-title":"Fenestration and duplication of the vertebral artery: the anatomical and clinical points of view","volume":"26","author":"M Polguj","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0336216.ref009","article-title":"Duplicated and Hypoplastic V4 Segment of Vertebral Artery along with Duplication of Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery: A Case Report","volume":"11","author":"SSSN Rajasekhar","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0336216.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-022-02958-z","article-title":"Right vertebral artery arising from the right common carotid artery with an absent brachiocephalic trunk","volume":"44","author":"BR Omotoso","year":"2022","journal-title":"Surg Radiol Anat"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0336216.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-022-03026-2","article-title":"Combined unusual origin and course of the right vertebral artery and right inferior thyroid artery: a case report","volume":"44","author":"N Hvizdo\u0161ov\u00e1","year":"2022","journal-title":"Surg Radiol Anat"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0336216.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.20013","article-title":"A rare anomalous origin of right vertebral artery: findings on Doppler sonography","volume":"32","author":"B Yanik","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Ultrasound"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0336216.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-3026.130699","article-title":"Bilateral asymmetrical duplicated origin of vertebral arteries: Multidetector row CT angiographic study","volume":"24","author":"C Rameshbabu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J Radiol Imaging"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0336216.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1177\/1591019918783973","article-title":"Duplication of the vertebral artery: A series of four cases","volume":"24","author":"M Kritikos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Interv Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0336216.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-3019(97)90105-1","article-title":"The course of the prevertebral segment of the vertebral artery: anatomy and clinical significance","volume":"48","author":"C Matula","year":"1997","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0336216.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/s12565-012-0152-z","article-title":"Duplication of the left vertebral artery in a patient with dissection of the right internal carotid artery and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: case report and review of the literature","volume":"88","author":"M Polguj","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anat Sci Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0336216.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.52.5.980","article-title":"Ischemia in the territory of a hypoplastic vertebrobasilar system","volume":"52","author":"S Chaturvedi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"21","key":"pone.0336216.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2452","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000184306.19870.a8","article-title":"Anomalous vertebral artery at the extraosseous and intraosseous regions of the craniovertebral junction: analysis by three-dimensional computed tomography angiography","volume":"30","author":"M Yamazaki","year":"2005","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"pone.0336216.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2011.10.030","article-title":"Congenital vertebral duplication: a predisposing risk factor for dissection","volume":"314","author":"E Melki","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0336216.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0096(199807\/08)26:6<323::AID-JCU9>3.0.CO;2-K","article-title":"Duplicate origin of left vertebral artery with thrombosis at the origin: Color Doppler sonography and CT angiography findings","volume":"26","author":"K Mahmutyazicio\u011flu","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Ultrasound"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0336216.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.159.2.3961176","article-title":"Bifid origin of the left vertebral artery","volume":"159","author":"RA Eisenberg","year":"1986","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0336216.ref022","first-page":"976","article-title":"Cervical vertebral artery variations: an anatomic study","volume":"28","author":"SR Satti","year":"2007","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"}],"container-title":["PLOS One"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0336216","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T18:38:16Z","timestamp":1763145496000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0336216"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Priti","family":"Chaudhary","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0336216","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1932-6203"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]]}}}