{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T15:38:13Z","timestamp":1782401893816,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762387200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82360006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82360006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"2022 Basic Research Plan of Guizhou Province","award":["425"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["425"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82160009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82160009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neutrophilic asthma (NA) is an allergic airway inflammation disease featuring heterogeneous neutrophil infiltration, which is driven by the interactions between dendritic cells (DCs) and T helper (Th) 17 cells. Neutrophils release neutrophil extracellular traps (Nets), which promote disease progression and glucocorticoid resistance. Therefore, targeting the interaction among Nets, DC and Th17 is a promising pathway for preventing organ damage. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), especially Xiao-qing-long-tang (XQLT), has shown potential in managing eosinophilic asthma by modulating Th2 cell-mediated inflammation, reducing eosinophilic infiltration, and airway remodeling. However, XQLT\u2019s effect on Nets and DCs-Th17 interactions in NA remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We developed two models: an ovalbumin (OVA)\/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NA mouse model with interventions using either XQLT or sivelestat, and a series of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs)-Th17 cell differentiation models induced by Nets, OVA\/LPS, OVA\/LPS\/Nets, XQLT, OVA\/LPS\/Nets\/XQLT, or corresponding inhibitors. The chemical composition of XQLT was analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). Key parameters were evaluated via histopathology, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence scanning, flow cytometry, Western blot (WB) analysis, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In OVA\/LPS-induced mice, treatment with sivelestat in OVA\/LPS-induced mice reduced airway inflammation, Nets formation characterized by citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) expressions, Th2\/17 cell proportions in lungs, and interleukin (IL)-4, 6, 17, and 23 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). In vitro, OVA\/LPS\/Nets promoted IL-6\/23 secretions and Th17 differentiation through increased p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)\/nuclear factor \u03baB (NF-\u03baB) signaling phosphorylation in DCs. Fifty-one compounds were identified in XQLT, with 11 predicted to bind MAPK proteins with high affinity. XQLT significantly inhibited Nets-DCs-Th17 Axis and p38MAPK\/NF-\u03baB signaling in both NA mouse and cell models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>XQLT offered a promising treatment strategy for regulating the Nets-DCs-Th17 axis in NA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0336333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T18:44:06Z","timestamp":1762454646000},"page":"e0336333","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Xiao Qing Long Tang ameliorates neutrophil extracellular trap-dendritic cells-T helper 17 cell axis in Neutrophilic Asthma"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4244-9901","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xiaoying","family":"Ji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongda","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng-dong","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoli","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuan","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhifeng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinwen","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0336333.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2022.02.020","article-title":"Longitudinal 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