{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T13:30:33Z","timestamp":1791207033161,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762473600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5R01HL114857"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5R01HL114857"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R21DK083654-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R21DK083654-01A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000041","name":"American Diabetes Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["7-08-JF-27"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7-08-JF-27"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000041","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"UPMC Children\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s Hospital of Pittsburgh","award":["UL1 RR024153, UL1TR000005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 RR024153, UL1TR000005"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"\n Objective<\/jats:title>\n Attenuated heart rate recovery (HRR) immediately after exercise is an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease and mortality in adults. We examined the effects of aerobic exercise (AE), resistance exercise (RE), and combined AE and RE on HRR, and the relationship of HRR with body composition and metabolic risk factors in adolescents with overweight or obesity.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Research design and methods<\/jats:title>\n \n We included 147 adolescents (BMI\u2009\u2265\u200985\n th<\/jats:sup>\n percentile, 12\u201318 years) who participated in exercise intervention studies (3\u20136 months), and had a complete data set including VO\n 2peak<\/jats:sub>\n , body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and cardiometabolic risk factors before and after the interventions. HRR was calculated as the difference between peak HR during the maximal treadmill test and HR at 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-min after the cessation of the test.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n After interventions, a faster HRR at 2\u20135\u2009min was observed following AE (17.3\u201325.6% change,\n \n P<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.0001), RE (7.1\u201310.9%,\n \n P<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05), and combined AE and RE (10.7\u201312.0%,\n \n P<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05) compared to pre-intervention. Compared to controls, AE (14.0\u201324.0%,\n \n P<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05) was the only exercise group to exhibit a significantly faster HRR at 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-min after the exercise intervention. Collapsed across exercise groups, improvements in 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-min HRR are independently associated (\n \n P<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05) with increases in VO\n 2peak<\/jats:sub>\n . Changes in HRR were not associated with the changes in % body fat or metabolic risk factors.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n AE training is more beneficial than RE or combined AE and RE training for improving HRR in adolescents with overweight or obesity.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0336371","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T18:39:02Z","timestamp":1762540742000},"page":"e0336371","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effects of exercise modalities on heart rate recovery and its association with cardiometabolic risk in adolescents with overweight or obesity"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Rubin","family":"Pooni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silva","family":"Arslanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8865-1921","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Heather","family":"Edgell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hala","family":"Tamim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SoJung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3425-6149","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jennifer L.","family":"Kuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0336371.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1111\/anec.12061","article-title":"Pathophysiology of exercise heart rate recovery: a comprehensive analysis","volume":"18","author":"GL Pierpont","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol"},{"key":"pone.0336371.ref002","article-title":"Modulation of cardiac autonomic activity during and immediately after exercise","volume":"256","author":"Y Arai","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0336371.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-015-0843-2","article-title":"Relation of heart rate recovery after exercise to insulin resistance and chronic inflammation in otherwise healthy adolescents and adults: results from the 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