{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T19:08:28Z","timestamp":1764961708616,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764892800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Volleyball is an under-researched sport, particularly in relation to risk factors for head impacts and sports-related concussion (SRC). This study aimed to estimate the self-reported lifetime prevalence of SRC, post-injury help-seeking behaviour, and associations between SRC and age, sex at birth, playing experience, playing league, and playing position.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire to examine lifetime prevlaance and associations between SRC and personal and sport-related factors. The questionnaire collected demographic information, SRC history, and help-seeking behaviour. Descriptive statistics were used to estimate SRC prevalence and help-seeking behaviours among players with a history of SRC. A mixed-effect binary logistic model was conducted at a univariable and multivariable level to assess associations between SRC with playing experience, league, position, age, and gender.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 74 volleyball players, 44 females and 30 males, completed the questionnaire. The estimated self-reported lifetime prevalence of SRC was 35% (males 33%, females 36%). Medical support was limited both during and following a SRC. Only 39% of players reporting a SRC were diagnosed, with just 23\u201327% seeking medical help. Older and more experienced athletes had higher odds of reporting SRC. Those aged 28 years and above showed greater odds (OR=4.58\u20138.91) of reporting a SRC compared to those aged 16\u201321, and those with more than 13 years of experience showed greater odds (OR=4.04\u20139.51) than those with 1\u20133 years\u2019 experience. Professional players showed reduced odds (OR=0.05) compared to high school and university players in the multivariable model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SRC occur in volleyball with a lifetime prevalence of 35%, yet many incidents go undiagnosed and unmanaged. Older, more experienced players had greater odds of reporting a SRC, while professional-level athletes showed reduced odds when all factors are considered. Increased awareness and appropriate guidance are needed across all levels in volleyball.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0338225","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T18:43:49Z","timestamp":1764960229000},"page":"e0338225","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Self-reported concussion prevalence, post-injury help-seeking behaviour, and associated risk factors among volleyball players"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Gamze","family":"Nedzhipoglu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7508-1683","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nick","family":"Dobbin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0338225.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-023-09826-2","article-title":"Epidemiology of Common Injuries in the Volleyball Athlete","volume":"16","author":"WK Young","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0338225.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-679-20","article-title":"Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Women\u2019s Volleyball: 2014-2015 Through 2018-2019","volume":"56","author":"A Chandran","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0338225.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23259671231180534","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671231180534","article-title":"Comparison of Volleyball-Related Injuries at US Emergency Departments Between High School and Collegiate Athletes: A 10-Year NEISS Database Study","volume":"11","author":"CB Sandler","year":"2023","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0338225.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0000000000001098","article-title":"Injuries in Youth Volleyball Players at a National Championship: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Mechanisms of Injury","volume":"33","author":"K Vaandering","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"issue":"17","key":"pone.0338225.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-094959","article-title":"Injury risk is low among world-class volleyball players: 4-year data from the FIVB Injury Surveillance System","volume":"49","author":"T Bere","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0338225.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-199316020-00004","article-title":"Common injuries in volleyball. 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