{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T18:52:56Z","timestamp":1764874376314,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Medicine and Hygiene Program of Zhejiang Province, Youth Innovation Project","award":["No. 2023RC064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2023RC064"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n Vitiligo, a chronic autoimmune disease linked to excess oxidative stress, can be temporarily improved. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)-derived exosomes (BMSCs-Exos) have recently emerged as a promising novel therapeutic means for vitiligo.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Exosomes were isolated and characterized from BMSCs-conditioned medium. PIG3V cells and those transfected with\n NRF2<\/jats:italic>\n siRNA or negative control were cultured under normal conditions or exposure to hydrogen peroxide (H\u2082O\u2082) to induce oxidative stress, with addition of BMSCs-conditioned medium, conditioned medium from BMSCs pretreated with GW4869 (referred to as BMSCs-GW4869), or BMSCs-Exos. Cell viability, apoptosis, and oxidative stress parameters, including cellular glutathione (GSH)\/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) ratio, superoxide dismutase (SOD), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and malondialdehyde (MDA), were assessed. The expression of Ki67, NRF2, HO1, BAC, and Bcl-2 was measured.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n BMSC-Exos significantly enhanced cell viability and reduced apoptosis and oxidative stress in H\u2082O\u2082-treated PIG3V cells. Simultaneously, BMSCs-Exos reversed H\u2082O\u2082-induced downregulation of Ki67, NRF2, HO1, and Bcl-2, and upregulation of BAX in PIG3V cells. Silencing\n NRF2<\/jats:italic>\n by siRNA in PIG3V cells prior to H\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n O\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n treatment abolished the protective effect of BMSCs-Exos and decreased the HO1 expression.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n BMSCs-Exos protect melanocytes from vitiliog-related oxidative stress by mitigating oxidative damage through induction of NRF2\/HO1 expression.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0338323","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T18:47:36Z","timestamp":1764874056000},"page":"e0338323","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exosomes from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells protect melanocytes under vitiligo-related conditions through induction of NRF2\/HO1 expression"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Xuecheng","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gaobo","family":"Ruan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9673-0766","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aie","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0338323.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ski2.460","article-title":"Vitiligo: From mechanisms of disease to treatable pathways","volume":"4","author":"GN Pathak","year":"2024","journal-title":"Skin Health 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