{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T18:29:43Z","timestamp":1793298583684,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764892800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Badminton players normally prioritize technical and tactical training over physical conditioning before competition, presenting a challenge in enhancing physical fitness within a constrained timeframe. While evidence have indicated complex contrast training can enhance strength and power, it is still unclear whether the French Contrast Method Training (FCMT) can bring greater explosive power gains to young badminton players. This study evaluated the effects of French Contrast Method Training versus Complex Training on lower limb explosive strength and its endurance in elite adolescent male badminton players. In a single-blind randomized controlled trial, 20 athletes were allocated to either an FCMT group (n\u2009=\u200910) or a CT group (n\u2009=\u200910) and completed an 8-week intervention. Performance was assessed pre- and post-intervention using standardized tests, including countermovement jump (CMJ), squat jump (SJ), drop jump (DJ), 10-m sprint, 5-0-5 agility test, eccentric utilization ratio (EUR), one-repetition maximum (1RM) squat, and lower extremity explosive endurance (LEEE). Subjective fatigue was monitored using the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) scale. Results demonstrated that while both training modalities improved explosive strength, the French Contrast Method Training led to significantly greater improvements in CMJ, DJ, Reaction Strength Index (RSI), EUR, agility, and LEEE (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The French Contrast Method Training also induced a larger effect size across most performance indicators. In contrast, the Complex Training improved strength and speed-related measures but showed limited effects on stretch-contraction cycle (SSC) utilization and endurance. Perceived fatigue was consistently higher in the CT group than in the FCMT group. These findings suggest that adaptation occurred more rapidly in the CT group (after roughly 3 weeks), whereas the FCMT group showed a more prolonged adaptation period (~1 month). The findings suggest that the French Contrast Method Training is more effective than the Complex Training in developing reactive strength, agility, SSC efficiency, and explosive endurance in youth badminton athletes within a short-term training period. Given its neuromechanical advantages across the force\u2013velocity spectrum, the French Contrast Method Training is recommended for use in the pre-competition phase of training, while Complex Training may be more suitable for foundational strength development. These results provide practical insights for coaches and support the strategic integration of French Contrast Method Training into performance enhancement programs for adolescent athletes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0338383","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T18:35:40Z","timestamp":1764959740000},"page":"e0338383","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comparative effects of French Contrast Method vs. Complex Training on explosive power and its endurance in youth badminton athletes"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Ruiyin","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8644-263X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yuhua","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongren","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0338383.ref001","volume-title":"Science and practice of strength training","author":"VM Zatsiorsky","year":"2020"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0338383.ref002","first-page":"470","article-title":"Evaluation of Plyometric Exercise Training, Weight Training, and Their Combination on Vertical Jumping Performance and Leg Strength","volume":"14","author":"IG Fatouros","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0338383.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e318181a3d0","article-title":"Effect of Olympic and traditional resistance training on vertical jump improvement in high school boys","volume":"22","author":"BT Channell","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0338383.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1519\/SSC.0b013e3181771008","article-title":"Design and Implementation of a Specific Strength Program for Badminton","volume":"30","author":"S Sturgess","year":"2008","journal-title":"Strength Cond J"},{"issue":"14","key":"pone.0338383.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1080\/02640410903352907","article-title":"Physiological characteristics of elite and sub-elite badminton players","volume":"27","author":"CH Ooi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Sports Sci"},{"key":"pone.0338383.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1596670","DOI":"10.3389\/fspor.2025.1596670","article-title":"Muscle synergy analysis during badminton forehand overhead smash: integrating electromyography and musculoskeletal modeling","volume":"7","author":"R Tajik","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Sports Act Living"},{"key":"pone.0338383.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2019.01359","article-title":"Post-activation Potentiation Versus Post-activation Performance Enhancement in Humans: Historical Perspective, Underlying Mechanisms, and Current Issues","volume":"10","author":"AJ Blazevich","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0338383.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2371","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-022-01715-x","article-title":"Within Session Exercise Sequencing During Programming for Complex Training: Historical Perspectives, Terminology, and Training Considerations","volume":"52","author":"P Cormier","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0338383.ref009","first-page":"42","article-title":"Complex training: a brief review","volume":"1","author":"WP Ebben","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Sports Sci Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0338383.ref010","article-title":"A Review of Combined Weight Training and Plyometric Training Modes: Complex Training","volume":"20","author":"WP Ebben","year":"1998","journal-title":"Strength Cond"},{"key":"pone.0338383.ref011","unstructured":"Dietz C, Peterson B. 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