{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T11:05:54Z","timestamp":1788433554485,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Microalgae play a crucial role in ecosystems, from oxygen production to sustaining food webs and offering valuable applications in industry and environmental management. Increasing their productivity in terms of biomass yield, cultivation time, and nutritional or metabolite quality remains a major challenge. This study assessed the effects of 10 bioactive substances (including lactones, phytohormones, and natural extracts), four light wavelengths, and four CO\u2082 injection regimes on\n                    <jats:italic>Arthrospira platensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Chlorella vulgaris<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Ankistrodesmus falcatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Tetradesmus dimorphus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , using linear modeling and LSD (Least Significant Difference) post hoc tests. N-butyryl-DL-homoserine lactone significantly enhanced\n                    <jats:italic>A. platensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    growth (94.4%), while naphthaleneacetic acid and indole-3-butyric acid promoted\n                    <jats:italic>T. dimorphus<\/jats:italic>\n                    growth (138.1% and 115.5%, respectively). More accessible alternatives, such as\n                    <jats:italic>Aloe vera<\/jats:italic>\n                    and coconut water, also stimulated growth:\n                    <jats:italic>A. platensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>C. vulgaris<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>A. falcatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    increased by 85.3%, 69.2%, and 87.7% with\n                    <jats:italic>Aloe vera<\/jats:italic>\n                    , while\n                    <jats:italic>T. dimorphus<\/jats:italic>\n                    increased 80.5% with coconut water. Regarding light quality, red light (600\u2013700\u2009nm) benefited\n                    <jats:italic>A. platensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>A. falcatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (49.2% and 20.8%, respectively), whereas blue light (400\u2013490\u2009nm) favored\n                    <jats:italic>C. vulgaris<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>T. dimorphus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (57.7% and 31.5%, respectively). CO\u2082 injection further enhanced biomass production and carbon fixation, particularly in\n                    <jats:italic>C. vulgaris<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>A. falcatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (73.5% and 53.5%, respectively). However, combined treatments did not produce additive effects, suggesting complex interactions. Overall, these findings demonstrate the potential of bioactive substances and environmental conditions to improve microalgal performance and highlight the importance of investigating synergistic effects and scalability for large-scale production.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0338585","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T17:25:05Z","timestamp":1777310705000},"page":"e0338585","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Enhancing microalgal productivity through bioactive substances, light, and CO2"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4681-1568","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andrea","family":"Llanes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3088-1462","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wiston","family":"Qui\u00f1ones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0291-2252","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Natalia","family":"Herrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0338585.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-99196-4.00016-4","article-title":"Microalgae as source of bioaccessible and bioavailable compounds","author":"MJ Rodr\u00edguez-Roque","year":"2023","journal-title":"Handbook of Food and Feed from Microalgae. 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