{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T18:01:04Z","timestamp":1791396064816,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Neurotrauma Research Program, Australia"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Most people recover well following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). However, some experience persisting post-concussion symptoms (PPCS) for months or years. Our aims were (i) to evaluate the presence and impact of PPCS on return to functional activities over a 12-month period; and (ii) identify pre-, peri- and post-injury factors predictive of PPCS in an Australian community-based cohort at 3- and 12-months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adults (18\u201365 years) with mTBI were assessed by telephone within 7 days post-injury to capture demographics, pre-injury health status, injury circumstances (including mechanism, site of head impact) and symptoms. The primary outcome measure was the presence of PPCS, measured with the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS). Logistic regression identified predictors of PPCS at 3- and 12-months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 232 participants, 49.7% had PPCS at 3-months and 45.6% at 12-months. Return to work was 96.7% at 3-months and 96.9% at 12-months, despite nearly 50% reporting PPCS. Participants with a high initial symptom burden (PCSS \u226530) were six times more likely to experience PPCS at 3-months (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 6.17, 95% CI 2.63\u201314.46) and three times as likely to have PPCS at 12-months (aOR 2.70, 95% CI 1.01\u20137.23). Acute symptoms of \u201cfeeling slow\u201d or \u201cnervousness\u201d predicted PPCS at 3-months (aOR 2.97 and 2.74, respectively), but not at 12-months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of those who completed follow-up, nearly half had persistent symptoms at 12-months, often continuing to work despite symptoms. High initial symptom severity and acute symptoms may help clinicians identify those needing early targeted follow-up to reduce the burden of PPCS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0339248","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T17:38:02Z","timestamp":1791394682000},"page":"e0339248","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Predicting recovery outcomes following mild traumatic brain injury in an Australian community cohort: Results from the Concussion Recovery Study (CREST)"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5855-192X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jacinta","family":"Thorne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Curtin Medical Research Institute, Curtin University","place":["Perth, Western Australia, Australia"]},{"name":"Perron Institute for 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