{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T23:51:58Z","timestamp":1793317918575,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82173305"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82173305"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82002524"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82002524"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2020QH230"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2020QH230"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The efficacy of standard adjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced gastric cancer (GC) remains suboptimal, particularly in patients with signet-ring cell carcinoma (SRCC). Urgent demand exists for reliable preclinical models to predict therapeutic responses, and\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    drug sensitivity testing using patient-derived organoids (PDOs) has emerged as a promising platform. In this study, PDOs were established from patients with locally advanced GC and analyzed via next-generation sequencing (NGS) and pharmacotyping. Seventeen GC PDOs were successfully generated, achieving a success rate of 63%. These PDOs closely recapitulated the histopathological and genetic features of their parental tumors. Drug sensitivity tests revealed subtype-specific response patterns: PDOs derived from SRCC were sensitive to epirubicin and paclitaxel but resistant to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and oxaliplatin. In contrast, non-SRCC PDOs demonstrated robust sensitivity to paclitaxel, epirubicin, and oxaliplatin. Among all tested drugs, paclitaxel showed the highest tumor-inhibitory efficacy in both subtypes. Furthermore, non-SRCC PDOs were significantly more sensitive to 5-FU and oxaliplatin than SRCC PDOs.\n                    <jats:italic>Ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    pharmacotyping of PDOs accurately predicted clinical therapeutic responses in GC patients, with a sensitivity of 85.7%, specificity of 100%, and accuracy of 90.9%. Notably, patients whose PDOs were drug-sensitive\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    had significantly longer disease-free survival than those whose PDOs were drug-resistant (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.044). These findings highlight the potential of GC PDOs as reliable preclinical models that faithfully recapitulate tumor biology and therapeutic responses, thereby providing a valuable tool for predicting individualized treatment outcomes and advancing precision oncology for GC.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0339416","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T17:24:51Z","timestamp":1773077091000},"page":"e0339416","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Patient-derived organoids predict chemotherapy response of locally advanced gastric 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