{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T16:02:24Z","timestamp":1791388944885,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["75N93019C00040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["75N93019C00040"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The monoclonal antibody, LA-2, has played a pivotal role in the development of Outer surface protein A (OspA)-based vaccines for Lyme disease, a multisystem illness caused by the tick-borne spirochete,\n                    <jats:italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n                    sensu lato. Of particular significance was the demonstration more than three decades ago that LA-2 equivalent antibody titers, defined by a competitive-inhibition ELISA, serve as a reliable correlate of vaccine-induced protection across different species, including humans.\n                    <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    characterization of LA-2 has identified both complement-dependent and -independent activities, although which of these attributes contribute to protection against\n                    <jats:italic>B. burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n                    remains unresolved. To address this issue, we generated and characterized an \u201cFc-silent\u201d version of LA-2 IgG1 carrying so-called LALAPG substitutions (L234A, L235A, P329G). We demonstrate that LA-2 LALAPG retained OspA binding activity but was severely attenuated in\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    complement deposition and complement-dependent borreliacidal assays. Nonetheless, LA-2 LALAPG was as effective as LA-2 at passively protecting C3H mice against nymphal tick-mediated\n                    <jats:italic>B. burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n                    sensu stricto (s.s.) B31 challenge. LA-2 LALAPG was also equivalent to LA-2 in passively protecting BALB\/c mice against intradermal\n                    <jats:italic>B. burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n                    s.s. B31 challenge. In the intradermal challenge model, viable spirochetes were not recoverable 24 h after injection from skin biopsies of mice treated with LA-2 or LA-2 LALAPG, and an influx of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines to the injection site was abrogated. Collectively, these results suggest that LA-2\u2019s primary mode of action involves direct physical interactions with the spirochete rather than complement-dependent killing. Elucidating these mechanisms may have implications for understanding the mechanistic correlates of OspA-based vaccine-induced immunity in humans.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0339749","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T17:43:48Z","timestamp":1773337428000},"page":"e0339749","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["An Fc-silent OspA monoclonal antibody passively protects mice from tick and intradermal Borrelia burgdorferi challenge"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Daniel","family":"Palmer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atieh","family":"Shemshadian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Berman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ariana","family":"Nobles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graham G.","family":"Willsey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carol Lyn","family":"Piazza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grace","family":"Freeman-Gallant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Rudolph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeff","family":"Bourgeois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linden","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9913-7722","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"David J.","family":"Vance","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5083-8640","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nicholas 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