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Space syntax, as a tool for analyzing the influence of spatial organization on human behavior, quantifies spatial configuration characteristics and can reveal how garden spatial configuration affects tourists\u2019 movement paths and spatial preferences, thereby enabling a systematic examination of the impact of space syntax\u2013based garden spatial configuration on tourist behavior. adheres to the Following by PRISMA 2020 guidelines, this study conducted a literature search for the period 2015\u22122015 in four databases, namely Web of Science, Scopus, JSTOR, and ScienceDirect Based on explicit inclusion and exclusion criteria, 16 high-quality empirical studies were ultimately selected. Results indicate that indicators such as integration, connectivity, and depth, demonstrate significant explanatory in predicting tourist path selection, stay locations, and spatial preferences. Furthermore, the influence of spatial structure on visitor behavior is not a singular direct effect. Visitor perceptions, particularly aesthetic preferences, cultural cognition, and sense of security, play a crucial mediating role between spatial structure and behavior. Based on these findings, this study proposes the \u201cStructure\u2013Perception\u2013Behavior (SPB)\u2019\u2018 framework. Its cross-scale methodological insights provide a theoretical foundation and practical pathway for subsequent landscape space optimization design and visitor behavior guidance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0339994","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T18:52:32Z","timestamp":1767379952000},"page":"e0339994","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The influence of garden spatial configuration on tourist behavior: A systematic review based on Space Syntax"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8697-2509","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bin","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad 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