{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T01:45:45Z","timestamp":1787881545452,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768521600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100023674","name":"Deanship of Scientific Research, King Khalid University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RGP.2\/78\/46"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGP.2\/78\/46"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100023674","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Controlled and sustained antibiotic delivery is critical for combating antimicrobial resistance while minimizing side effects. Herein, a novel biodegradable hydrogel system, synthesized via gamma irradiation, incorporating fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) as multifunctional nano-crosslinkers, has been reported. The CDs, prepared from sustainable bio-precursors, reinforced the polymer network and enhanced the mechanical stability and swelling behavior, while simultaneously serving as intrinsic fluorescent probes for potential real-time monitoring of degradation and drug release. Thorough characterization revealed consistent morphology, adjustable biodegradability, and enhanced rheological characteristics. Drug release investigations demonstrated a diffusion-controlled mechanism, wherein the integration of CD diminished the cumulative antibiotic release from approximately 70% to approximately 40%, thereby facilitating precise regulation of release kinetics. The single-step gamma irradiation method facilitates concurrent crosslinking and sterilization, providing an efficient and scalable production strategy. This study presents a multifunctional hydrogel platform that integrates sustainable nanomaterials, regulated drug administration, and real-time monitoring, thereby facilitating the development of advanced theragnostic systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0340351","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T18:46:56Z","timestamp":1768589216000},"page":"e0340351","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Gamma irradiation crosslinked fluorescent nanocarbon based biodegradable hydrogel for controlled release of antibiotics"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Rajeshwar","family":"Vodeti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mokhtar","family":"Rejili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Venkata Ramana","family":"Singamaneni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umme","family":"Hani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farhat","family":"Fatima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeetendra","family":"Kumar Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patibandla","family":"Jahnavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramenani","family":"Hari Babu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharuk","family":"L. 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