{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T19:15:54Z","timestamp":1771355754142,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771286400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Today, community pharmacists\u2019 responsibilities have expanded beyond the traditional role to include the management of minor ailments. Acute uncomplicated cystitis is one of the most prevalent medical conditions seen in primary healthcare and can be managed by community pharmacists (CPs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate community pharmacists\u2019 history-taking practice when responding to patients with acute uncomplicated cystitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional simulated patient study was conducted from November 2022 to January 2023 in Khartoum locality targeting only pharmacists. Six trained female students played the simulation in which they pretended to have the clinical symptoms of acute uncomplicated cystitis and requested treatment for their condition. The Interactions during the simulation were documented immediately in a data collection form after each visit. Descriptive statistics were used to report the study outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 238 community pharmacies were visited. The majority of the pharmacists were female. The mean of the number of questions that were asked by the pharmacists was 1 (SD\u2009=\u20091.6) questions. Among the studied pharmacists, 45.4% asked at least one question during patient assessment. The most asked question was if the patient has a fever, representing 61 (25.6%) CPs, followed by if there is vaginal discharge, representing 38 (16%) CPs. In response to scenario 47 (19.7%) CPs decided to refer the patient to a physician, and 45 (18.9%) of the CPs advised the patient to increase water intake.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec005\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study has revealed a poor history-taking practice towards acute uncomplicated cystitis during patient assessment. Further studies exploring pharmacists\u2019 involvement in patient assessment are required. Strategies to improve community pharmacists\u2019 practice, like continuing pharmacy education and providing a national guideline regarding patient assessment should be considered seriously.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0343006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T18:30:24Z","timestamp":1771353024000},"page":"e0343006","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Community pharmacists\u2019 history taking practice in responding to acute uncomplicated cystitis: A simulated patient study from Sudan"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Riham M.","family":"Hamadouk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Esra D.","family":"Albashair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Einass M.","family":"Alshareif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3524-4825","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ali Awadallah","family":"Saeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7832-4556","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bashir A.","family":"Yousef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0343006.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1159\/000481662","article-title":"Public Perceptions, Expectations, and Views of Community Pharmacy Practice in Kuwait","volume":"26","author":"AI Awad","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med Princ Pract"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0343006.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0052510","article-title":"Using the simulated patient methodology to assess paracetamol-related counselling for headache","volume":"7","author":"N Horvat","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0343006.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2013.05.002","article-title":"Community pharmacists\u2019 attitudes toward dispensing errors at community pharmacy setting in Central Saudi Arabia","volume":"22","author":"MN Al-Arifi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Saudi Pharm J"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0343006.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.21276\/apjhs.2017.4.4.33","article-title":"Evolutionary role of the community pharmacist A review","volume":"4","author":"F Fatima","year":"2017","journal-title":"APJHS"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0343006.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1007\/s11096-020-00973-x","article-title":"Community pharmacists\u2019 perceptions, attitudes and barriers towards pharmacist-led minor ailment services in Malaysia","volume":"42","author":"A Selvaraj","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pharm"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0343006.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/ijcp.14424","article-title":"Community pharmacists\u2019 management of minor ailments in developing countries: A systematic review of types, recommendations, information gathering and counselling practices","volume":"75","author":"KB Yusuff","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pract"},{"key":"pone.0343006.ref007","first-page":"145","article-title":"Assessment of Community Pharmacist\u2019s Practice and Patient Counselling Toward Acute Diarrhea Treatment in Khartoum Locality: A Simulated Patient Study","volume":"10","author":"RM Hamadouk","year":"2021","journal-title":"Integr Pharm Res Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0343006.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0190583","article-title":"Management of minor ailments in a community pharmacy setting: Findings from simulated visits and qualitative study in Gondar town, Ethiopia","volume":"13","author":"AA Ayele","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"678","key":"pone.0343006.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3399\/bjgp18X700193","article-title":"Safety netting for primary care: evidence from a literature review","volume":"69","author":"D Jones","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br J Gen Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0343006.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.5530\/jppcm.2019.1.3","article-title":"Acute Diarrheal Management in Adults: A Simulated Client Study at Community Pharmacies of Quetta City, Pakistan","volume":"5","author":"A Khan","year":"2019","journal-title":"JPPCM"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0343006.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.31351\/vol30iss2pp225-230","article-title":"Community Pharmacists\u2019 Attitudes and Practice in the Management of Minor Ailments","volume":"30","author":"EM Mikhael","year":"2021","journal-title":"IJPS"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0343006.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-018-0930-7","article-title":"Assessment of community pharmacy professionals\u2019 knowledge and counseling skills achievement towards headache management: a cross-sectional and simulated-client based mixed study","volume":"19","author":"AK Netere","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0343006.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.2241","article-title":"Nature and frequency of drug-related problems in self-medication (over-the-counter drugs) in daily community pharmacy practice in Germany","volume":"21","author":"C Eickhoff","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"key":"pone.0343006.ref014","volume-title":"Symptoms in the Pharmacy: A Guide to the Management of Common Illnesses and Disease Prevention","author":"A Blenkinsopp","year":"2025"},{"key":"pone.0343006.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/43.suppl_1.85","article-title":"Short-course therapy of acute cystitis: a brief review of therapeutic strategies","volume":"43","author":"AD Tice","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0343006.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12091383","article-title":"Responding to Urinary Tract Infection Symptoms in England\u2019s Community Pharmacies","volume":"12","author":"S Parekh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antibiotics (Basel)"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0343006.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-006-0107-1","article-title":"Self-medication practices in Khartoum State, Sudan","volume":"62","author":"AI Awad","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"pone.0343006.ref018","first-page":"37","article-title":"Role of the pharmacist in reducing healthcare costs: current insights","volume":"6","author":"K Dalton","year":"2017","journal-title":"Integr Pharm Res Pract"},{"key":"pone.0343006.ref019","article-title":"Uncomplicated urinary tract infections (nursing)","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"MJ Bono","year":"2023"},{"key":"pone.0343006.ref020","unstructured":"Sir S, Mohamed E, Mahmoud AA, Ali AA. Barriers for implementation of pharmaceutical care practice in community pharmacies in Sudan. 2014;7(1):921\u201331."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0343006.ref021","first-page":"1","article-title":"Etiologia e preval\u00eancia de infec\u00e7\u00f5es do trato urin\u00e1rio na \u00c1frica Subsaariana: uma revis\u00e3o sistem\u00e1tica","volume":"10","author":"JI Mchami","year":"2022","journal-title":"The aetiology and prevalence of urinary tract infections in Sub-Saharan Africa: a Systematic Review"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0343006.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1177\/1715163518781175","article-title":"Outcomes of Urinary Tract Infection Management by Pharmacists (RxOUTMAP): A study of pharmacist prescribing and care in patients with uncomplicated urinary tract infections in the community","volume":"151","author":"NP Beahm","year":"2018","journal-title":"Can Pharm J (Ott)"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0343006.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics9090583","article-title":"Preventing and Managing Urinary Tract Infections: Enhancing the Role of Community Pharmacists-A Mixed Methods Study","volume":"9","author":"N Peiffer-Smadja","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antibiotics (Basel)"},{"key":"pone.0343006.ref024","first-page":"303","article-title":"Over-the-counter suboptimal dispensing of antibiotics in Uganda","volume":"6","author":"JK Mukonzo","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Multidiscip Healthc"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0343006.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1177\/09685332211020786","article-title":"Over-the-counter sales of antibiotics for human use in India: The challenges and opportunities for regulation","volume":"21","author":"G Porter","year":"2021","journal-title":"Medical Law International"},{"key":"pone.0343006.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-016-0101-z","article-title":"Exploration of over the counter sales of antibiotics in community pharmacies of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: pharmacy professionals\u2019 perspective","volume":"5","author":"GB Gebretekle","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infect Control"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0343006.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(02)00194-2","article-title":"Over-the-counter acquisition of antibiotics in the Maltese general population","volume":"20","author":"MA Borg","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0343006.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/jacamr\/dlab196","article-title":"Using mystery shoppers to determine practices pertaining to antibiotic dispensing without a prescription among community pharmacies in South Africa-a pilot survey","volume":"4","author":"RN Mokwele","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAC Antimicrob Resist"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0343006.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics8020035","article-title":"Quality of Community Pharmacy Practice in Antibiotic Self-Medication Encounters: A Simulated Patient Study in Upper Egypt","volume":"8","author":"AI Abdelaziz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antibiotics (Basel)"},{"issue":"7624","key":"pone.0343006.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39335.541782.AD","article-title":"Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies","volume":"335","author":"E von Elm","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"pone.0343006.ref031","article-title":"Acute simple cystitis in women.","author":"TM Hooton","journal-title":"UpToDate. Waltham, MA: UpToDate Inc."},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0343006.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5688\/aj7410S7","article-title":"Pharmacists\u2019 contributions to primary care in the United States collaborating to address unmet patient care needs: the emerging role for pharmacists to address the shortage of primary care providers","volume":"74","author":"PG Manolakis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Pharm Educ"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0343006.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sapharm.2017.12.004","article-title":"A review of international pharmacy-based minor ailment services and proposed service design model","volume":"14","author":"M Aly","year":"2018","journal-title":"Res Social Adm Pharm"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0343006.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1002\/jgf2.113","article-title":"Validity of medical history taken by pharmacists using a medical history taking tool","volume":"18","author":"A Matsushita","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Gen Fam Med"},{"key":"pone.0343006.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-019-0510-x","article-title":"Community pharmacy staff\u2019s response to symptoms of common infections: a pseudo-patient study","volume":"8","author":"S Zawahir","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antimicrob Resist Infect Control"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0343006.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1604","DOI":"10.18549\/PharmPract.2019.4.1604","article-title":"Antibiotic prescribing for acute uncomplicated cystitis in Lebanese community pharmacies using a simulated patient","volume":"17","author":"SG Yaacoub","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharm Pract (Granada)"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0343006.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0190583","article-title":"Management of minor ailments in a community pharmacy setting: Findings from simulated visits and qualitative study in Gondar town, Ethiopia","volume":"13","author":"AA Ayele","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0343006.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1211\/ijpp.16.4.0009","article-title":"Client and pharmacist factors affecting practice in the management of upper respiratory tract infection presented in community pharmacies: a simulated client study","volume":"16","author":"W Saengcharoen","year":"2008","journal-title":"International Journal of Pharmacy Practice"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0343006.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-023-09642-x","article-title":"Practice of pharmaceutical care by community pharmacists in response to self-medication request for a cough: a simulated client study","volume":"23","author":"P Loh","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0343006.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.18549\/PharmPract.2016.04.800","article-title":"Evaluating community pharmacy practice in Qatar using simulated patient method:acute gastroenteritis management","volume":"14","author":"MI Ibrahim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharm Pract (Granada)"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0343006.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.18549\/PharmPract.2018.04.1313","article-title":"Assessment of diarrhea treatment and counseling in community pharmacies in Baghdad, Iraq: A simulated patient study","volume":"16","author":"IR Ibrahim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharm Pract (Granada)"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0343006.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1007\/s11096-023-01679-6","article-title":"The clinical and economic evidence of the management of urinary tract infections by community pharmacists in women aged 16 to 65 years: a systematic review","volume":"46","author":"A Swart","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pharm"},{"key":"pone.0343006.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.15756","article-title":"Guideline of guidelines: management of recurrent urinary tract infections in women","author":"M Kwok","year":"2022","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"key":"pone.0343006.ref044","volume-title":"Management of suspected bacterial lower urinary tract infection in adult women","author":"Healthcare Improvement Scotland HIS","year":"2020"},{"key":"pone.0343006.ref045","unstructured":"East Midland Academic Health Science Network. Evaluation of the treatment of adult women under 65 years presenting with symptoms of uncomplicated urinary tract infections in community pharmacy using home-based urinalysis testing. 2020. https:\/\/healthinnovation-em.org.uk\/images\/Digital_UTI_Pathway_Evaluation_-_Final_v270720.pdf"},{"key":"pone.0343006.ref046","unstructured":"Pharmaceutical Society of Australia. Treatment guideline for pharmacists cystitis. 2020. https:\/\/www.psa.org.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Treatment-guideline-for-pharmacists-cystitis.pdf"},{"key":"pone.0343006.ref047","author":"L Nissen","year":"2022"},{"key":"pone.0343006.ref048","unstructured":"Virginia Board of Pharmacy. Pharmacist Protocol for Testing and Initiating Treatment for Suspected Acute Uncomplicated Lower Urinary Tract Infection in Women. 2023. https:\/\/www.dhp.virginia.gov\/media\/dhpweb\/docs\/pharmacy\/protocols\/UTICombined.pdf"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0343006.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir102","article-title":"International clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis and pyelonephritis in women: A 2010 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the European Society for Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"52","author":"K Gupta","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0343006.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1007\/s11096-013-9911-8","article-title":"The role of Sudanese community pharmacists in patients\u2019 self-care","volume":"36","author":"SS Mohamed","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pharm"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0343006.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sapharm.2012.08.001","article-title":"A review of the information-gathering process for the provision of medicines for self-medication via community pharmacies in developing countries","volume":"9","author":"C Brata","year":"2013","journal-title":"Res Social Adm Pharm"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0343006.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1080\/01443615.2017.1370579","article-title":"Urinary tract infection during pregnancy: current concepts on a common multifaceted problem","volume":"38","author":"K Kalinderi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"pone.0343006.ref053","first-page":"227","article-title":"The Extent of Antibiotic Dispensing in Self-Medication Encounters in Sudan: A Simulated Patient Study Focusing on Cefixime Sale","volume":"12","author":"RM Hamadouk","year":"2023","journal-title":"Integr Pharm Res Pract"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0343006.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12050831","article-title":"Antibiotic Use in Pregnancy: A Global Survey on Antibiotic Prescription Practices in Antenatal Care","volume":"12","author":"C Gamberini","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antibiotics (Basel)"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0343006.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1086\/598183","article-title":"The sale of antibiotics without prescription in pharmacies in Catalonia, Spain","volume":"48","author":"C Llor","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0343006.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.33545\/26647184.2019.v1.i1a.3","article-title":"UTI prevalence among population with chronic conditions","volume":"1","author":"AK Mohiuddin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Pharmacol Pharm Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0343006.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.15406\/jmen.2014.01.00008","article-title":"Urinary Tract Infection: An Overview of the Infection and the Associated Risk Factors","volume":"1","author":"R Vasudevan","year":"2014","journal-title":"JMEN"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0343006.ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0228013","article-title":"Dispensing of antibiotics without prescription and associated factors in drug retail outlets of Eritrea: A simulated client method","volume":"15","author":"M Bahta","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0343006.ref059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1111\/ijpp.12317","article-title":"Exploring the reasons why pharmacists dispense antibiotics without prescriptions in Khartoum state, Sudan","volume":"25","author":"AMA Salim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Pharm Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0343006.ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-019-1612-6","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance patterns of Uropathogens isolated from adult women with acute uncomplicated cystitis","volume":"19","author":"J Al-Zahrani","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0343006.ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1177\/875512250802400402","article-title":"Pharmaceutical Care: What\u2019s in a Name? A Qualitative Analysis of Patient Perceptions of Pharmacy Practice","volume":"24","author":"DM Franic","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacy Technology"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0343006.ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1310\/hpj4804-338","article-title":"Role of pharmacy education in growing the pharmacy practice model","volume":"48","author":"J Kennerly","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hosp Pharm"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0343006.ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.5688\/ajpe76220","article-title":"University-based continuing education for pharmacists","volume":"76","author":"TJ Schindel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Pharm Educ"},{"key":"pone.0343006.ref064","first-page":"77","article-title":"Perceptions of Community Pharmacists Towards Patient Counseling and Continuing Pharmacy Education Programs in Sudan","volume":"12","author":"RM Hamadouk","year":"2023","journal-title":"Integr Pharm Res Pract"}],"container-title":["PLOS One"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0343006","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T18:30:32Z","timestamp":1771353032000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0343006"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Petra","family":"Czarniak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0343006","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]]}}}