{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T20:15:28Z","timestamp":1771013728447,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770940800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Zeolite X was synthesized from kaolin and then modified using (\n                    <jats:italic>Azadirachta indica<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) neem together with silver nitrate solution by ion exchange. X-ray diffraction confirmed a highly crystalline FAU framework characterised by a low angle reflection, which showed that silver incorporation did not alter the zeolite structure. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed a well-defined polyhedral crystal for zeolite X, whiles the Ag-zeolite X exhibited increased surface heterogeneity and agglomeration. Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) and Raman Spectroscopy further confirmed framework retention, with band broadening attributed to the partial substitution of Na\u207a by Ag\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    within the zeolite lattice. The antimicrobial activity of zeolite X, Ag-zeolite X, were evaluated against\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains by Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bacterial\/fungal Concentration (MBC\/MFC) Assays. The antioxidant properties were evaluated using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2\u2019-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothialine-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging assays. The unmodified zeolite X showed weak activity (MIC, MBC, MFC\u2009&gt;\u20091\u2009mg\/mL, R\u2009&gt;\u20094) whilst the Ag-zeolite X showed strong antimicrobial activity (MIC\u2009=\u20090.5\u20131.0\u2009mg\/mL, MBC, MFC\u2009=\u20090.5\u20132\u2009mg\/mL, R\u2009\u2264\u20094) across all tested strains. Antioxidant activity assessed using DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays showed significantly enhanced antioxidant performance for Ag-zeolite X compared to unmodified zeolite X, particularly in the ABTS assay. These findings demonstrate that neem-assisted silver modification enhances the bioactivity of kaolin-derived zeolite X while preserving its crystalline framework, supporting its potential application in biomedical, food packaging, and water treatment systems.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0343110","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T18:45:07Z","timestamp":1771008307000},"page":"e0343110","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of neem assisted silver-modified zeolite X synthesized from 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Yeboah","family":"Antwi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Neglo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salifu","family":"Nanga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"383","key":"pone.0343110.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1590\/0366-69132021673833108","article-title":"Obtaining zeolite A from filtrate of zeolite LSX and its influence on the removal of heavy metals and organic pollutants in spent lubricating oil","volume":"67","author":"R Kwakye","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cer\u00e2mica"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0343110.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29051069","article-title":"Zeolite Properties, Methods of 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