{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T22:26:48Z","timestamp":1784413608263,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009389","name":"Stiftelsen Promobilia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009389","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004875","name":"Norrbacka-Eugeniastiftelsen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004875","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-sectional validity study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine the criterion validity, Standard Error of the Measurement (SEM) and Minimal Detectable Change (MDC), of a newly developed submaximal test (Holmlund-Grooten test) for estimating the peak oxygen consumption in wheelchair users with motor-complete Spinal Cord Injury (mcSCI).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Settings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Outpatient rehabilitation centre in Stockholm, Sweden.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Peak and submaximal oxygen uptake (VO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) was measured using indirect calorimetry. A backward linear regression model, including heart rate, power output, and several demographic variables, was used to predict absolute VO\n                      <jats:sub>2peak<\/jats:sub>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec005\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In total, 63 individuals (16 females) with mcSCI were included. The final prediction model included four significant (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) variables (sex, injury level, heart rate, power output) that were able to predict absolute VO\n                      <jats:sub>2peak<\/jats:sub>\n                      (adjusted R\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.77). The Holmlund-Grooten test showed excellent criterion validity (ICC\u2009=\u20090.88; 95%CI 0.83\u20130.94), SEM\u2009=\u20090.05 L\u00b7min\n                      <jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>\n                      and MDC\u2009=\u20090.13 L\u00b7min\n                      <jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>\n                      . No adverse events were reported. We provide an Excel file that calculates VO\n                      <jats:sub>2peak<\/jats:sub>\n                      based on the Holmlund-Grooten model for males and females and tetra- and paraplegia for clinical use.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec006\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The Holmlund-Grooten test is a valid submaximal test for estimating VO\u2082\n                      <jats:sub>peak<\/jats:sub>\n                      in wheelchair users with SCI and can be easily implemented in clinical settings.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  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