{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T20:02:48Z","timestamp":1784836968404,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01EY030467"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EY030467"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006312","name":"BrightFocus Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["M2025012F"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M2025012F"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006312","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DGE-2235197"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DGE-2235197"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Emerging evidence implicates retinal microglia and inflammation as important components impacting the outcome of retinal regeneration, which is spontaneously achieved in zebrafish retina following acute damage but is limited or blocked in mammals. Here we describe the regenerative response in the larval zebrafish retina following ablation of cone photoreceptors. To investigate the role of microglia in the regenerative response, we used\n                    <jats:italic>irf8<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic>st95<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sup>\n                    heterozygote (microglia-sufficient) and\n                    <jats:italic>irf8<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic>st95<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sup>\n                    homozygous mutant (microglia-deficient) zebrafish. We compared multiple aspects of the regenerative response in\n                    <jats:italic>irf8<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009+\u2009\/- and\n                    <jats:italic>irf8<\/jats:italic>\n                    -\/- larval retinas, including entry of the M\u00fcller glia (MG) into the cell cycle, the amplification of MG-derived progenitor cell (MGPC) proliferation, inflammatory and glial reactivity-associated gene expression, and the regeneration of cones. We found only modest impacts to early and late stages of MGPC proliferation and to inflammatory gene expression in\n                    <jats:italic>irf8<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutants, with no obvious impacts to the regeneration of cones. Notably, we detected a population of immune cells in\n                    <jats:italic>irf8<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutants that emerged following cone ablation, which expanded in number then were reduced over time, following a trajectory similar to microglia-sufficient siblings but at markedly reduced abundance. The immune cells detected in\n                    <jats:italic>irf8<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutants included a subset with L-plastin\/4C4 antibody staining patterns different than those in microglia-sufficient siblings, suggesting distinct origins and\/or phenotype compared to resident microglia in controls. The presence of immune cells in\n                    <jats:italic>irf8<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutants following cone ablation limited our ability to make strong conclusions about the role of microglia in regeneration of cones. However, our results are consistent with several reports that indicate a role for microglia in regulating MGPC proliferation in the regenerating retina. Collectively considered with other reports, our results further indicate that compensatory responses, which may include different immune cells and\/or signaling from other retinal cell types such as M\u00fcller glia, may be elicited in microglia-deficient retinas upon neuronal damage.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0344737","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T19:10:32Z","timestamp":1784833832000},"page":"e0344737","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cone photoreceptor ablation in microglia-deficient larval zebrafish retina elicits a regenerative response alongside a compensatory immune cell response"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Jordan E.","family":"Rumford","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley A.","family":"Farre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin","family":"Mai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Halle V.","family":"Weimar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire D.","family":"Shelton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3788-2265","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Diana M.","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"22","key":"pone.0344737.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4510","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.090738","article-title":"A self-renewing division of zebrafish M\u00fcller glial cells generates neuronal progenitors that require N-cadherin to regenerate retinal neurons","volume":"140","author":"M Nagashima","year":"2013","journal-title":"Development"},{"issue":"26","key":"pone.0344737.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7028","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1624-07.2007","article-title":"Late-stage neuronal progenitors in the retina are radial M\u00fcller glia that function as retinal stem cells","volume":"27","author":"RL Bernardos","year":"2007","journal-title":"J 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