{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T00:07:07Z","timestamp":1773878827513,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research Development Fund of the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University","award":["2024FYQ049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024FYQ049"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We report for the first time that co-dissolved rosiglitazone and ibuprofen mutually enhance their aqueous solubility; the study was designed to quantify this phenomenon and clarify its origin.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Solubility was measured by HPLC. Fluorescence and FT-IR spectroscopy were used to probe molecular interactions, while classical molecular dynamics simulations provided atomistic insight.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The fluorescence intensity of the mixed solution was markedly lower than that of either drug alone, indicating ground-state complexation or close association. FT-IR spectra showed no new peaks, confirming the absence of a new chemical entity or distinct crystal phase. Simulations revealed that each drug increases the solvent\u2013solute compatibility of the other; the resulting hetero-association hinders nucleation and crystal growth, raising apparent solubility. At 30\u201360 \u00b0C, rosiglitazone solubility rose from 60.4\u201379.9 to 69.2\u201392.4 \u03bcg\/mL (+6\u201316%), while ibuprofen increased from 50.6\u201389.5 to 56.3\u2013105.0 \u03bcg\/mL (+11\u201327%), confirming mutual enhancement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The observed mutual solubilization is attributed to specific intermolecular interactions and enhanced solvent compatibility. These findings offer a simple, formulation-free strategy for improving the dissolution of poorly water-soluble drugs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0345185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T17:30:12Z","timestamp":1773855012000},"page":"e0345185","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mutual solubilization of rosiglitazone and ibuprofen: Investigation and mechanistic 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