{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:49:30Z","timestamp":1792788570213,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":144,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"ANID FONDECYT projects","award":["1241386"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1241386"]}]},{"name":"BiodUCCT","award":["ATE22004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ATE22004"]}]},{"name":"Blue Nature Alliance","award":["CI-115211"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CI-115211"]}]},{"name":"The Nippon Foundation-Nekton Ocean Census Programme","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05wszs827","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"ANID Subdirecci\u00f3n de Capital Humano Doctorado Nacional","award":["2022-21220674"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022-21220674"]}]},{"name":"BECAS CHILE-Postdoctoral abroad program"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Seamounts are prominent seafloor features that strongly influence geological processes, ocean circulation, and benthic biodiversity. Despite their importance, most seamounts remain unmapped and poorly characterized, particularly in the southeast Pacific Ocean, a region recognized for high marine endemism and ecological isolation. In this study, we present a quantitative habitat characterization of a previously undocumented seamount, informally named Solito Seamount, located between the Nazca\u2013Desventuradas Marine Park and the Juan Fern\u00e1ndez Archipelago, within Chile\u2019s Exclusive Economic Zone. The seamount is a conical volcanic edifice approximately 37 km wide, rising &gt;3,500 m above the surrounding abyssal plain. High-resolution multibeam bathymetry and backscatter intensity data were integrated with\n                    <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic>\n                    observations from two remotely operated vehicle (ROV) dives (S0643 and S0645) to quantitatively investigate how seamount morphology and substrate distribution influence benthic community patterns. An automated abiotic habitat mapping framework incorporating objective terrain analysis and multivariate statistical techniques, including principal component analysis and clustering, was applied to delineate five distinct mesohabitat types: flat, basal slope, valley, ridge slope, and ridge crest. ROV video transects traversing these habitats revealed five associated substrate types, forming macrohabitats: bedrock, bedrock with sediment veneer, sediment-rock transition, sediment, and biogenic rubble. Outputs were used to examine how environmental heterogeneity structures megafaunal assemblages of Solito Seamount. Multivariate analysis revealed a combined effect of habitat and substrate types on benthic megafaunal assemblages across the depth gradient. These compositional dissimilarities were primarily driven by habitat-forming taxa. In the deeper dive (S0643), dissimilarities were distributed across multiple habitats, with ridge crest characterised by reef-building scleractinian community, whereas the ridge slope hosted mixed antipatharian, gorgonian and actiniarian assemblages. In contrast, the shallower dive (S0645) exhibited simpler patterns with fewer taxa driving variation, with substrate effects more evident in biogenic rubble field dominated by sponges (\n                    <jats:italic>Stelletta<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp.). Pronounced biological differences between dives may also represent depth-dependent structuring resulting from differences in oxygen regimes associated with water masses, underscoring the role of oceanographic forcing. This study provides the first quantitative habitat map of this previously undocumented seamount, delivering essential baseline information for this largely unexplored region of the southeast Pacific. The integrated multi-scale geophysical and biological approach presented here offers a robust framework for advancing seamount ecosystem understanding and supporting future biodiversity assessments and conservation planning.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0345687","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T18:14:21Z","timestamp":1789496061000},"page":"e0345687","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Automated and quantitative characterization of benthic habitat and associated biological communities of an unknown southeast Pacific seamount"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8886-7511","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yakufu","family":"Niyazi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Minderoo-UWA Deep-Sea Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences and Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia","place":["Perth, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9040-2625","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Denise J. B.","family":"Swanborn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Minderoo-UWA Deep-Sea Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences and Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia","place":["Perth, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1389-3023","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jan M.","family":"Tapia-Guerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de Doctorado en Biolog\u00eda y Ecolog\u00eda Aplicada, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Norte","place":["Coquimbo, Chile"]},{"name":"Center for Ecology and Sustainable Management of Oceanic Islands, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Norte","place":["Coquimbo, Chile"],"department":["Departamento de Biolog\u00eda Marina"]},{"name":"Sala de Colecciones Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Norte","place":["Coquimbo, Chile"],"department":["Facultad de Ciencias del Mar"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Sellanes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Ecology and Sustainable Management of Oceanic Islands, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Norte","place":["Coquimbo, Chile"],"department":["Departamento de Biolog\u00eda Marina"]},{"name":"Sala de Colecciones Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Norte","place":["Coquimbo, Chile"],"department":["Facultad de Ciencias del Mar"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4853-6026","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Erin E.","family":"Easton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Ecology and Sustainable Management of Oceanic Islands, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Norte","place":["Coquimbo, Chile"],"department":["Departamento de Biolog\u00eda Marina"]},{"name":"School of Earth, Environmental and Marine Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley","place":["Edinburg, Texas, United States of America"]},{"name":"Marine Ecosystems Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley","place":["Port Isabel, Texas, United States of America"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Germ\u00e1n","family":"Zapata-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sala de Colecciones Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Norte","place":["Coquimbo, Chile"],"department":["Facultad de Ciencias del Mar"]},{"name":"Genoa Marine Centre (GMC), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn - National Institute of Marine Biology, Ecology and Biotechnology","place":["Genova, Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather A.","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Minderoo-UWA Deep-Sea Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences and Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia","place":["Perth, Australia"]},{"name":"Kelpie Geoscience Ltd","place":["Edinburgh, United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan J.","family":"Jamieson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Minderoo-UWA Deep-Sea Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences and Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia","place":["Perth, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0345687.ref001","volume-title":"Marine Geology of the Pacific","author":"HW Menard","year":"1964"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.5670\/oceanog.2010.60","article-title":"The Global Seamount Census","volume":"23","author":"P Wessel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Oceanography"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0345687.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsr.2011.02.004","article-title":"The global distribution of seamounts based on 30 arc seconds bathymetry data","volume":"58","author":"C Yesson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5194\/egusphere-egu23-10006","article-title":"A two-part seabed geomorphology classification scheme; Part 2: Geomorphology classification framework and glossary (Version 1.0)","author":"R Nanson","year":"2023"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2002JB001997","article-title":"Susceptibility of mid\u2010ocean ridge volcanic islands and seamounts to large\u2010scale landsliding","volume":"108","author":"NC Mitchell","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Geophys Res"},{"issue":"36","key":"pone.0345687.ref006","article-title":"Submarine landslides along the flanks of Christmas Island, Indian Ocean","volume":"45","author":"Y Niyazi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Geo-Mar Lett"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107678","DOI":"10.1016\/j.margeo.2025.107678","article-title":"Deep-water canyon-channel systems of the Queensland Plateau, Northeast Australia","volume":"491","author":"S Lindhorst","year":"2026","journal-title":"Mar Geol"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref008","article-title":"Flow, hydrography, turbulent mixing, and dissipation at Fieberling Guyot examined with a primitive equation model","author":"JW Lavelle","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Geophys Res"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref009","first-page":"1","article-title":"Seamount Characteristics","author":"P Wessel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Seamounts: Ecology, Fisheries & Conservation"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22993","DOI":"10.1029\/97JC01451","article-title":"Observations of low\u2010frequency circulation and amplified subinertial tidal currents at Cobb Seamount","volume":"102","author":"DL Codiga","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Geophys Res"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsr2.2015.06.022","article-title":"An introduction to the physical oceanography of six seamounts in the southwest Indian Ocean","volume":"136","author":"J Read","year":"2017","journal-title":"Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography"},{"issue":"27","key":"pone.0345687.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2322163121","article-title":"On the role of seamounts in upwelling deep-ocean waters through turbulent mixing","volume":"121","author":"A Mashayek","year":"2024","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"01","key":"pone.0345687.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.5670\/oceanog.2010.70","article-title":"Seamount mineral deposits: a source of rare metals for high-technology industries","volume":"23","author":"J Hein","year":"2010","journal-title":"Oceanog"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref014","author":"FJ Sawkins","year":"2013","journal-title":"Metal deposits in relation to plate tectonics"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.1007\/s00227-006-0306-4","article-title":"Seamount endemism questioned by the geographic distribution and population genetic structure of marine invertebrates","volume":"149","author":"S Samadi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Marine Biology"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-marine-120308-081109","article-title":"The ecology of seamounts: structure, function, and human impacts","volume":"2","author":"MR Clark","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Rev Mar Sci"},{"issue":"01","key":"pone.0345687.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.5670\/oceanog.2010.65","article-title":"Seamounts: deep-ocean laboratories of faunal connectivity, evolution, and endemism","volume":"23","author":"T Shank","year":"2010","journal-title":"Oceanog"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.amb.2018.06.001","article-title":"The biology of seamounts: 25 Years on","volume":"79","author":"AD Rogers","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv Mar Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0345687.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2270","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-86163-z","article-title":"Multi-faceted examination of a deepwater seamount reveals ecological patterns among coral and sponge communities in the equatorial Pacific","volume":"15","author":"BR Kennedy","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0345687.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3003016","article-title":"Shallow seamounts are \u201coases\u201d and activity hubs for pelagic predators in a large-scale marine reserve","volume":"23","author":"SB Weber","year":"2025","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s12526-024-01484-y","article-title":"From physics to fish: 50 years of research at Great Meteor Seamount, NE Atlantic","volume":"55","author":"I Tojeira","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mar Biodivers"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-814960-7.00057-9","article-title":"Deep-sea benthic megafaunal communities on the New England and Corner Rise Seamounts, Northwest Atlantic Ocean","author":"A Lapointe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Seafloor Geomorphology as Benthic Habitat"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsr2.2013.05.032","article-title":"Rapid change with depth in megabenthic structure-forming communities of the Makapu\u2019u deep-sea coral bed","volume":"99","author":"DJ Long","year":"2014","journal-title":"Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0345687.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150489","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.150489","article-title":"Satellite tracking reveals novel migratory patterns and the importance of seamounts for endangered South Pacific humpback whales","volume":"2","author":"C Garrigue","year":"2015","journal-title":"R Soc Open Sci"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref025","first-page":"252","article-title":"Biogeography and biodiversity of seamounts","author":"KI Stocks","year":"2008","journal-title":"Seamounts: ecology, fisheries & conservation"},{"issue":"21","key":"pone.0345687.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9707","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0910290107","article-title":"Seamounts are hotspots of pelagic biodiversity in the open ocean","volume":"107","author":"T Morato","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0485.2010.00369.x","article-title":"A test of the seamount oasis hypothesis: seamounts support higher epibenthic megafaunal biomass than adjacent slopes","volume":"31","author":"AA Rowden","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mar Ecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0345687.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/17445647.2023.2243305","article-title":"Morphology of the submerged Ferdinandea Island, the \u2018Neverland\u2019 of the Sicily Channel (central Mediterranean Sea)","volume":"19","author":"D Spatola","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Maps"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2013.10.002","article-title":"A global assessment of seamount ecosystems knowledge using an ecosystem evaluation framework","volume":"173","author":"K\u00d8 Kvile","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biol Conserv"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2025.1543885","article-title":"Status of global seafloor mapping effort and priority areas for future mapping","volume":"12","author":"Y Niyazi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Mar Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0345687.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0145059","article-title":"Marine Biodiversity in Juan Fern\u00e1ndez and Desventuradas Islands, Chile: Global Endemism Hotspots","volume":"11","author":"AM Friedlander","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-92735-0_27","article-title":"Chile and the Salas y G\u00f3mez Ridge","author":"EE Easton","year":"2019","journal-title":"Coral Reefs of the World"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0345687.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0253213","article-title":"Deep-sea biodiversity at the extremes of the Salas y G\u00f3mez and Nazca ridges with implications for conservation","volume":"16","author":"AM Friedlander","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpol.2020.104377","article-title":"The Salas y G\u00f3mez and Nazca ridges: a review of the importance, opportunities and challenges for protecting a global diversity hotspot on the high seas","volume":"126","author":"D Wagner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Marine Policy"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1016\/0198-0149(91)90019-C","article-title":"Deep-water megafauna of the Kohala and Haleakala slopes, Alenuihaha Channel, Hawaii","volume":"38","author":"EH Chave","year":"1991","journal-title":"Deep Sea Research Part A: Oceanographic Research Papers"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2881(08)60017-6","article-title":"Biology of the Nazca and Sala y G\u00f2mez Submarine Ridges, an Outpost of the Indo-West Pacific Fauna in the Eastern Pacific Ocean: Composition and Distribution of the Fauna, its Communities and History","author":"NV Parin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Advances in Marine Biology"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref037","first-page":"26","article-title":"How many seamounts are there and where are they located?","author":"A Kitchingman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Seamounts: ecology, fisheries & conservation"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.3856\/vol37-issue3-fulltext-16","article-title":"Montes submarinos de Nazca y Salas y Gomez: una revision para el manejo y conservacion","volume":"37","author":"M Galvez Larach","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lat Am J Aquat Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0345687.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6209","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-85516-8","article-title":"First description of deep benthic habitats and communities of oceanic islands and seamounts of the Nazca Desventuradas Marine Park, Chile","volume":"11","author":"JM Tapia-Guerra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0345687.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14538","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-98820-4","article-title":"Spatial ecology of two emblematic deep-sea crustaceans in the Salas y G\u00f3mez, Nazca and Juan Fern\u00e1ndez ridges Southeast Pacific","volume":"15","author":"M Fern\u00e1ndez-Z\u00fa\u00f1iga","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103796","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pocean.2026.103796","article-title":"Multiscale characterization of Solito seamount: a unique ecosystem with high conservation value","volume":"247","author":"JM Tapia-Guerra","year":"2026","journal-title":"Progress in Oceanography"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.5670\/oceanog.2010.66","article-title":"Seamount fisheries: do they have a future?","volume":"23","author":"T Pitcher","year":"2010","journal-title":"Oceanography"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103921","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsr.2022.103921","article-title":"Seamount seascape composition and configuration shape Southwest Indian Ridge fish assemblages","volume":"191","author":"DJB Swanborn","year":"2023","journal-title":"Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsr.2023.104198","article-title":"Multiscale spatial patterns and environmental drivers of seamount and island slope megafaunal assemblages along the Mozambique channel","volume":"203","author":"M Hanafi-Portier","year":"2024","journal-title":"Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1002\/lno.12766","article-title":"Habitat heterogeneity over multiple scales supports dense and diverse megafaunal communities on a northeast Pacific ridge","volume":"70","author":"F Girard","year":"2025","journal-title":"Limnol Oceanogr"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref046","article-title":"Deep ocean seascape ecology: gaps and pathways for application","author":"DJB Swanborn","year":"2026","journal-title":"Landscape Ecology"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0345687.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/S0399-1784(00)88957-4","article-title":"A classification scheme for deep seafloor habitats","volume":"22","author":"HG Greene","year":"1999","journal-title":"Oceanologica Acta"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.3390\/geosciences8040119","article-title":"Multiscale and hierarchical classification for benthic habitat mapping","volume":"8","author":"P Porskamp","year":"2018","journal-title":"Geosci J"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecss.2023.108599","article-title":"Benthic habitat mapping: a review of three decades of mapping biological patterns on the seafloor","volume":"296","author":"B Misiuk","year":"2024","journal-title":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1080\/14498596.2007.9635105","article-title":"Marine benthic habitat mapping using multibeam data, georeferenced video and image classification techniques in Victoria, Australia","volume":"52","author":"D Ierodiaconou","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Spat Sci"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.margeo.2015.01.006","article-title":"Objective automated classification technique for marine landscape mapping in submarine canyons","volume":"362","author":"K Ismail","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mar Geol"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/s10980-022-01541-6","article-title":"Mapping, quantifying and comparing seascape heterogeneity of Southwest Indian Ridge seamounts","volume":"38","author":"DJB Swanborn","year":"2023","journal-title":"Landsc Ecol."},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1080\/01490410701295962","article-title":"Multiscale terrain analysis of multibeam bathymetry data for habitat mapping on the continental slope","volume":"30","author":"MFJ Wilson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Marine Geodesy"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csr.2012.03.008","article-title":"A multi-method approach for benthic habitat mapping of shallow coastal areas with high-resolution multibeam data","author":"A Micallef","year":"2012","journal-title":"Continental Shelf Research"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2022.1004083","article-title":"The role of benthic habitat mapping for science and managers: a multi-design approach in the Southeast Brazilian Shelf after a major man-induced disaster","volume":"9","author":"PS Menandro","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Marine Science"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2023.1236788","article-title":"Rule-based semi-automated tools for mapping seabed morphology from bathymetry data","volume":"10","author":"Z Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Frontiers in Marine Science"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsr.2024.104268","article-title":"Deep-sea benthic structures and substrate types influence the distribution of functional groups in the Wallaby-Zenith Fracture Zone (East Indian Ocean)","volume":"206","author":"Y Niyazi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.01.009","article-title":"On the ecological relevance of landscape mapping and its application in the spatial planning of very large marine protected areas","volume":"626","author":"OT Hogg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2021.669372","article-title":"High-resolution vertical habitat mapping of a deep-sea cliff offshore Greenland","volume":"8","author":"L Van Audenhaege","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Marine Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0345687.ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2021JB023169","article-title":"Crustal structure of the incoming iquique ridge Offshore Northern Chile","volume":"127","author":"EK Myers","year":"2022","journal-title":"JGR Solid Earth"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jog.2015.08.002","article-title":"New evidence about the subduction of the Copiap\u00f3 ridge beneath South America, and its connection with the Chilean-Pampean flat slab, tracked by satellite GOCE and EGM2008 models","volume":"91","author":"O \u00c1lvarez","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Geodyn"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsr2.2004.08.009","article-title":"Hydrography of the eastern South Pacific Ocean: results from the Sonne 102 cruise, May\u2013June 1995","volume":"51","author":"O Leth","year":"2004","journal-title":"Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0345687.ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2019PA003743","article-title":"Ventilation and expansion of intermediate and deep waters in the southeast pacific during the last termination","volume":"35","author":"NA Haddam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref064","volume-title":"Voyage aux regions equinoxiales du nouveau continent","author":"A Von Humboldt","year":"2010"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1017\/S0016756821000960","article-title":"The Nazca Drift System \u2013 palaeoceanographic significance of a giant sleeping on the SE Pacific Ocean floor","volume":"159","author":"G Calv\u00e8s","year":"2022","journal-title":"Geol Mag"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref066","unstructured":"Schmidt Ocean Institute. ROV SuBastian. Video, imagery, and data provided by Schmidt Ocean Institute from expedition FKt240108, dives S0643 and S0645. 2024."},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref067","unstructured":"Pinner JW. Sealog. https:\/\/www.oceandatatools.org\/sealog-docs\/about\/. 2025."},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref068","unstructured":"Schmidt Ocean Institute. Sealog: Schmidt Ocean Institute Fork. Sealog Documentation. https:\/\/github.com\/schmidtocean\/sealog-client-vehicle. 2025."},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref069","unstructured":"Greene HG, Bizzarro JJ, Connell VM, Brylinsky CK. Construction of digital potential marine benthic habitat maps using a coded classification scheme and its application. Mapping the seafloor for habitat characterization: Geological Association of Canada Special Paper. 2007. 141\u201355."},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0345687.ref070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0097339","article-title":"Integrating multibeam backscatter angular response, mosaic and bathymetry data for benthic habitat mapping","volume":"9","author":"R Che Hasan","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0345687.ref071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3207","DOI":"10.5194\/hess-20-3207-2016","article-title":"A review of marine geomorphometry, the quantitative study of the seafloor","volume":"20","author":"V Lecours","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hydrol Earth Syst Sci"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1002\/aqc.3075","article-title":"Benthic habitat modelling and mapping as a conservation tool for marine protected areas: A seamount in the western Mediterranean","volume":"29","author":"A de la Torriente","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aquat Conserv"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2021.765407","article-title":"Fine-scale mapping of mega-epibenthic communities and their patch characteristics on two New Zealand seamounts","volume":"8","author":"SL Goode","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Mar Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0345687.ref074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1109\/JOE.2002.1040934","article-title":"Characterization of interface roughness of rippled sand off Fort Walton Beach, Florida","volume":"27","author":"KB Briggs","year":"2002","journal-title":"IEEE J Oceanic Eng"},{"issue":"18","key":"pone.0345687.ref075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1941","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csr.2010.09.006","article-title":"Relationships between multibeam backscatter, sediment grain size and Posidonia oceanica seagrass distribution","volume":"30","author":"G De Falco","year":"2010","journal-title":"Continental Shelf Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0345687.ref076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecss.2011.02.007","article-title":"Benthic habitat mapping: a review of progress towards improved understanding of the spatial ecology of the seafloor using acoustic techniques","volume":"92","author":"CJ Brown","year":"2011","journal-title":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/s11001-018-9341-z","article-title":"Multibeam sonar backscatter data processing","volume":"39","author":"ACG Schimel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mar Geophys Res"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33163","DOI":"10.1038\/srep33163","article-title":"Landscape mapping at sub-Antarctic South Georgia provides a protocol for underpinning large-scale marine protected areas","volume":"6","author":"OT Hogg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref079","volume-title":"Numerical ecology","author":"P Legendre","year":"1983"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref080","author":"HG Gauch","year":"1982","journal-title":"Cambridge studies in ecology: Multivariate analysis in community ecology"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0345687.ref081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2004.04.007","article-title":"Cluster center initialization algorithm for K-means clustering","volume":"25","author":"SS Khan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition Letters"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref082","first-page":"100","article-title":"Algorithm AS 136: A K-means clustering algorithm","volume":"28","author":"JA Hartigan","year":"1979","journal-title":"J R Stat Soc Ser C Appl Stat"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref083","article-title":"Construction of digital potential marine benthic habitat maps using a coded classification scheme and its application","volume-title":"Mapping the Seafloor for Habitat Characterization","author":"HG Greene","year":"2007"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103016","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pocean.2023.103016","article-title":"Broad-scale benthic habitat classification of the South Atlantic","volume":"214","author":"KA McQuaid","year":"2023","journal-title":"Prog Oceanogr"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2014.00023","article-title":"Mapping ecosystem services provided by benthic habitats in the European North Atlantic Ocean","volume":"1","author":"I Galparsoro","year":"2014","journal-title":"Frontiers in Marine Science"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref086","unstructured":"R Core Team. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. https:\/\/www.r-project.org\/. 2021."},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref087","unstructured":"Hijmans RJ. Raster: Geographic Data Analysis and Modeling. https:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=raster. 2023."},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0345687.ref088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1111\/tgis.13067","article-title":"MultiscaleDTM: an open\u2010source R package for multiscale geomorphometric analysis","volume":"27","author":"AR Ilich","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transactions in GIS"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref089","unstructured":"Evans JS, Murphy MA. SpatialEco. https:\/\/github.com\/jeffreyevans\/spatialEco. 2023."},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-57054-5_15","article-title":"Visual methods for monitoring mesophotic-to-deep reefs and animal forests: Finding a compromise between analytical effort and result quality","author":"G Castellan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Perspectives on the Marine Animal Forests of the World"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0345687.ref091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0141039","article-title":"A standardised vocabulary for identifying benthic biota and substrata from underwater imagery: the CATAMI Classification Scheme","volume":"10","author":"F Althaus","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0345687.ref092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-019-0126-2","article-title":"A seafloor habitat map for the Australian continental shelf","volume":"6","author":"V Lucieer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Data"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsr2.2023.105299","article-title":"Habitat and benthic fauna of the Wallaby-Cuvier escarpment, SE Indian ocean","volume":"210","author":"T Bond","year":"2023","journal-title":"Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0345687.ref094","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s12526-025-01505-4","article-title":"Deep-sea ecosystems in the north-eastern Alboran Sea (western Mediterranean): quantifying assemblages and anthropogenic activity in the Seco de los Olivos Bank","volume":"55","author":"P Puerta","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mar Biodivers"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref095","first-page":"355","article-title":"Thoracic cirripedia from a southeast pacific guyot","volume":"18","author":"VA Zullo","year":"1964","journal-title":"Pacific Science"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref096","first-page":"16","article-title":"Crabs of the family Leucosiidae (subfamilies Ebaliinae and Iliinae) collected in tropical waters of the Indian and the Pacific Ocean","volume":"10","author":"NA Zarenkov","year":"1969","journal-title":"Nauchnye Doklady Vysshei Shkoly, Biologicheskie Nauki"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref097","volume-title":"Invertebrados marinos del archipi\u00e9lago de Juan Fern\u00e1ndez","author":"N Rozbaczylo","year":"1987"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref098","unstructured":"Retamal M. Los Dec\u00e1podos de Chile. Universidad de Concepci\u00f3n; 1994."},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref099","unstructured":"Zarenkov NA. Decapods (Stenopodidea, Brachyura, Anomura) of the underwater Nazca and Salas y G\u00f3mez Ridges. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology. 1990."},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.3856\/vol44-issue1-fulltext-2","article-title":"Record of stomatopods and decapods, including descriptions of the species of commercial interest from the submarine rises and surrounding waters of the Chilean oceanic islands (southeastern Pacific Ocean)","volume":"44","author":"MA Retamal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lat Am J Aquat Res"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9993.1993.tb00438.x","article-title":"Non\u2010parametric multivariate analyses of changes in community structure","volume":"18","author":"KR Clarke","year":"1993","journal-title":"Aust J Ecol"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref102","unstructured":"Oksanen J, Simpson GL, Blanchet FG, Kindt R, Legendre P, Minchin PR. vegan: Community Ecology Package. 2022."},{"issue":"43","key":"pone.0345687.ref103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1686","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.01686","article-title":"Welcome to the Tidyverse","volume":"4","author":"H Wickham","year":"2019","journal-title":"JOSS"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00124376","article-title":"A hierarchical approach to ecosystems and its implications for ecological land classification","volume":"9","author":"F Klijn","year":"1994","journal-title":"Landscape Ecology"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0345687.ref105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1007\/s00267-010-9430-5","article-title":"Marine habitat classification for ecosystem-based management: a proposed hierarchical framework","volume":"45","author":"ML Guarinello","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ Manage"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0345687.ref106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/fsy161","article-title":"A review of the influence of marine habitat classification schemes on mapping studies: inherent assumptions, influence on end products, and suggestions for future developments","volume":"76","author":"JA Strong","year":"2018","journal-title":"ICES Journal of Marine Science"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref107","article-title":"High resolution geomorphological classification of benthic structure on the Western Pacific Seamount","volume":"9","author":"M Fan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Mar Sci"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecss.2012.11.001","article-title":"Do marine substrates \u2018look\u2019 and \u2018sound\u2019 the same? Supervised classification of multibeam acoustic data using autonomous underwater vehicle images","volume":"117","author":"V Lucieer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref109","article-title":"Integrating multibeam echosounder water\u2010column data into benthic habitat mapping","author":"P Porskamp","year":"2022","journal-title":"Limnol Oceanogr"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0345687.ref110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3427","DOI":"10.3390\/rs4113427","article-title":"Evaluation of four supervised learning methods for benthic habitat mapping using backscatter from multi-beam sonar","volume":"4","author":"R Hasan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Remote Sensing"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apacoust.2020.107728","article-title":"Seafloor habitat mapping using multibeam bathymetric and backscatter intensity multi-features SVM classification framework","volume":"174","author":"X Cui","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl Acoust"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1007\/s00530-020-00695-0","article-title":"Habitat mapping using deep neural networks","volume":"27","author":"M Yasir","year":"2021","journal-title":"Multimed Syst"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/s13748-019-00203-0","article-title":"Convolutional neural network: a review of models, methodologies and applications to object detection","volume":"9","author":"A Dhillon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prog Artif Intell"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0345687.ref114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1002\/rse2.70038","article-title":"Comparing convolutional neural network and random forest for benthic habitat mapping in Apollo Marine Park","volume":"12","author":"H Simmons","year":"2025","journal-title":"Remote Sens Ecol Conserv"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0345687.ref115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1002\/rse2.70002","article-title":"Bridging the gap in deep seafloor management: Ultra fine\u2010scale ecological habitat characterization of large seascapes","volume":"11","author":"OJR S\u00f8rensen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Remote Sens Ecol Conserv"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref116","first-page":"167","article-title":"Habitat modelling limitations \u2013 Puck Bay, Baltic Sea","volume":"55","author":"JM W\u0119s\u0142awski","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oceanologia"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0345687.ref117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.3390\/rs11111279","article-title":"Benthic habitat mapping model and cross validation using machine-learning classification algorithms","volume":"11","author":"P Wicaksono","year":"2019","journal-title":"Remote Sensing"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1656\/045.027.s1003","article-title":"The use of multimodal data to augment shallow-water benthic habitat maps for Pleasant Bay, Cape Cod, Massachusetts: Stratigraphic data and seafloor maps","volume":"27","author":"M Borrelli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Northeast Nat"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/feart.2021.711910","article-title":"Volcanic Structures and Magmatic Evolution of the Vesteris Seamount, Greenland Basin","volume":"9","author":"KA Unger Moreno","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Earth Sci"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1029\/2023GC011071","article-title":"Geomorphology and age constraints of seamounts in the Cabo Verde archipelago, and their relationship to island ages and geodynamic evolution","volume":"25","author":"T Kwasnitschka","year":"2024","journal-title":"Geochem Geophys Geosyst"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref121","first-page":"62","article-title":"Morfosculpture of Guyots of the Nazca Ridge","author":"VV Fedorov","year":"1985","journal-title":"Geomorfologiya"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0345687.ref122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0165513","article-title":"The Structure and Distribution of Benthic Communities on a Shallow Seamount (Cobb Seamount, Northeast Pacific Ocean)","volume":"11","author":"C Du Preez","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26352","DOI":"10.1038\/srep26352","article-title":"Seafloor heterogeneity influences the biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships in the deep sea","volume":"6","author":"D Zeppilli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"0","key":"pone.0345687.ref124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s003380050246","article-title":"Disturbance and recovery of coral assemblages","volume":"16","author":"JH Connell","year":"1997","journal-title":"Coral Reefs"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2435.13568","article-title":"Severe coral loss shifts energetic dynamics on a coral reef","volume":"34","author":"RA Morais","year":"2020","journal-title":"Funct Ecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0345687.ref126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.1007\/s00338-021-02185-9","article-title":"The biology and ecology of coral rubble and implications for the future of coral reefs","volume":"40","author":"K Wolfe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Coral Reefs"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0345687.ref127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.3390\/d4010094","article-title":"Responses of cryptofaunal species richness and trophic potential to coral reef habitat degradation","volume":"4","author":"IC Enochs","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diversity"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.4922","article-title":"Diversity and abundance of conspicuous macrocrustaceans on coral reefs differing in level of degradation","volume":"6","author":"R Gonz\u00e1lez-G\u00f3mez","year":"2018","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0004141","article-title":"Endemicity, biogeography, composition, and community structure on a northeast pacific seamount","volume":"4","author":"CR McClain","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0345687.ref130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0124815","article-title":"Benthic Assemblages of the Anton Dohrn Seamount (NE Atlantic): Defining Deep-Sea Biotopes to Support Habitat Mapping and Management Efforts with a Focus on Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems","volume":"10","author":"JS Davies","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0345687.ref131","article-title":"Sharing is living: The role of habitat heterogeneity in the coexistence of closely related species","volume":"13","author":"FHC Sanches","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ecol Evol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0345687.ref132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/0967-0637(94)00021-J","article-title":"Pelagic and benthic ecology of the lower interface of the Eastern Tropical Pacific oxygen minimum zone","volume":"42","author":"KF Wishner","year":"1995","journal-title":"Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0485.2009.00348.x","article-title":"Habitat heterogeneity and its influence on benthic biodiversity in oxygen minimum zones","volume":"31","author":"AJ Gooday","year":"2010","journal-title":"Marine Ecology"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.3354\/meps09448","article-title":"Distributional patterns of deep-sea coral assemblages in three submarine canyons off Newfoundland, Canada","volume":"445","author":"KD Baker","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mar Ecol Prog Ser"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsr.2012.05.013","article-title":"Reproductive biology of the deep-water coral Acanella arbuscula (Phylum Cnidaria: Class Anthozoa: Order Alcyonacea), northwest Atlantic","volume":"68","author":"LI Beazley","year":"2012","journal-title":"Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jembe.2013.12.017","article-title":"Active feeding behavior of and current modification by the sea lily Metacrinus rotundus (Echinodermata: Crinoidea)","volume":"453","author":"K Kitazawa","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Exp Mar Bio Ecol"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsr2.2025.105462","article-title":"Diet of deep-sea octocorals from the Emperor Seamount Chain inferred by fatty acid trophic markers","volume":"220","author":"SA Rodkina","year":"2025","journal-title":"Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref138","article-title":"Fine scale assemblage structure of benthic invertebrate megafauna on the north pacific seamount mokumanamana","author":"NB Morgan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Mar Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0345687.ref139","article-title":"Megabenthic Diversity Patterns on a Seamount in the Philippine Sea: Implications for Conservation Planning on the Kyushu-Palau Ridge","volume":"14","author":"X Lu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ecol Evol"},{"issue":"6279","key":"pone.0345687.ref140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1038\/346057a0","article-title":"Involvement of the oxygen minimum in benthic zonation on a deep seamount","volume":"346","author":"K Wishner","year":"1990","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"6993","key":"pone.0345687.ref141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02605","article-title":"Upwelling-driven nearshore hypoxia signals ecosystem and oceanographic changes in the northeast Pacific","volume":"429","author":"BA Grantham","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0345687.ref142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1007\/s00338-023-02350-2","article-title":"Substratum selection in coral reef sponges and their interactions with other benthic organisms","volume":"42","author":"S Gonz\u00e1lez-Murcia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Coral Reefs"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103574","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsr.2021.103574","article-title":"Reef communities associated with \u2018dead\u2019 cold-water coral framework drive resource retention and recycling in the deep sea","volume":"175","author":"SR Maier","year":"2021","journal-title":"Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers"},{"key":"pone.0345687.ref144","unstructured":"Gorny M, Sapag C, Van der Meer L. Informe expedici\u00f3n Juan Fern\u00e1ndez 2017: biodiversidad bent\u00f3nica en filmaciones del monte submarino JF6. Oceana. 2017. https:\/\/chile.oceana.org\/informes\/informe-expedicion-juan-fernandez-2017-biodiversidad-bentonica-en-filmaciones\/"}],"container-title":["PLOS One"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0345687","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T18:14:47Z","timestamp":1789496087000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0345687"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Incarbona","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Palermo: Universita degli Studi di Palermo","place":["ITALY"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"references-count":144,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0345687","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]}}}