{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T17:55:24Z","timestamp":1792000524176,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":152,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["41972004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["41972004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The Xiaogushan cryptoexplosive breccia-type gold deposit is located within the eastern Hebei-western Liaoning gold belt along the northern margin of the North China Craton. The mining area contains multiple episodes of subvolcanic dikes, among which the granite porphyry and granitic aplite dikes show close temporal and spatial relationship with gold mineralization. To constrain their emplacement age, petrogenesis, tectonic setting, and metallogenic significance, integrated zircon U-Pb-Hf isotopic and whole\u2011rock geochemical analyses were carried out on these dikes. Zircon U-Pb dating yields emplacement ages of 163.9\u2009\u00b1\u20092.0 Ma for the granite porphyry and 162.2\u2009\u00b1\u20094.9 Ma for the granitic aplite, indicating Late Jurassic magmatism in the region. The rocks are enriched in SiO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , K\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O, and LILEs, depleted in HFSEs, and classified as strongly peraluminous, high\u2011K calc\u2011alkaline S\u2011type granites. The primary magma, derived from Paleoproterozoic lower crust (\u03b5Hf(t) = \u221217.7 to \u221213.5; T\n                    <jats:sub>DM2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u20092.29 to 2.07 Ga), and the geochemical variations are consistent with fractional crystallization of K\u2011feldspar and plagioclase. Regional tectonic evidence indicates that these dikes were emplaced in a continental collisional setting related to the closure of the Mongol\u2011Okhotsk Ocean. This collision caused crustal thickening, deformation, and subsequent extension, which promoted mineralization. These dikes characterized by high oxygen fugacity, alkali enrichment, and moderate evolution, may facilitate metal transport and remobilize pre\u2011existing mineralization via associated hydrothermal systems. Their clustered occurrence thus serves as a potential indicator for deep\u2011seated hydrothermal activity and gold mineralization, reflecting the intense Mesozoic tectono-magmatic-metallogenic event in the northern North China Craton.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0345886","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T17:30:19Z","timestamp":1791999019000},"page":"e0345886","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Geochronology and geochemistry of granitic dikes in the Xiaogushan gold deposit NE China and implications for gold mineralization"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2966-5164","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wenzhao","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mining, Liaoning Technical University","place":["Fuxin, Liaoning, China"]},{"name":"Liaoning Key Laboratory of Green Development of Mineral Resources, LNTU","place":["Fuxin, Liaoning, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-5810-4820","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mining, Liaoning Technical University","place":["Fuxin, Liaoning, China"]},{"name":"Liaoning Key Laboratory of Green Development of Mineral Resources, LNTU","place":["Fuxin, Liaoning, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum","place":["Beijing, China"]},{"name":"Suizhong Xinyuan Mining Co., Ltd.","place":["Suizhong, Liaoning, China"]},{"name":"Huludao Lianshi Chemical Co., Ltd.","place":["Huludao, Liaoning, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhigang","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mining, Liaoning Technical University","place":["Fuxin, Liaoning, China"]},{"name":"Liaoning Key Laboratory of Green Development of Mineral Resources, LNTU","place":["Fuxin, Liaoning, China"]},{"name":"Suizhong Xinyuan Mining Co., Ltd.","place":["Suizhong, Liaoning, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lianfeng","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mining, Liaoning Technical University","place":["Fuxin, Liaoning, China"]},{"name":"Liaoning Key Laboratory of Green Development of Mineral Resources, LNTU","place":["Fuxin, Liaoning, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenguo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Mining, Liaoning Technical University","place":["Fuxin, Liaoning, China"]},{"name":"Liaoning Key Laboratory of Green Development of Mineral Resources, LNTU","place":["Fuxin, Liaoning, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Suizhong Xinyuan Mining Co., Ltd.","place":["Suizhong, Liaoning, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0345886.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2005.02.019","article-title":"Nature and significance of the Early Cretaceous giant igneous event in eastern China","volume":"233","author":"F Wu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0345886.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jseaes.2004.01.018","article-title":"Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic continental evolution and tectonic history of 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