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It reduces the false detection rate of submarine pipeline feature in SSS image,the size of parameters and realize lightweight deployment.In allusion to the Marine-PULSE submarine pipeline and cable dataset,ablation experiments and comparative experiments are designed. The experimental results show significant improvements over the original YOLO11n-seg model. Specifically,the modified model bounding box recall improved by 9.7%,and mAP@50-95 improved by 1.6%; instance segmentation recall improved by 10.3%,and mAP@50 improved by 3.6%. The detection precision and integrity are enhanced synchronously, and the size of parameters is reduced by 15%, which has stronger advantages in real-time performance. Regarding object detection, our model demonstrates superior performance, with its mAP@50 improved by 5.2% compared to YOLO12n-seg and by 12.5% compared to YOLO13n-seg. Experiments show that the model designed in this study is an effective method for real-time detection of SSS submarine pipeline and cable targets, and has a good development prospect and promotion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0346343","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T17:27:33Z","timestamp":1775582853000},"page":"e0346343","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Detection of submarine pipeline and cable targets based on depth feature of high resolution sonar image"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Dandan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zezhou","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6139-9051","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jiajie","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6837-4293","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zhiping","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0346343.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0231898","article-title":"Exploring subsea dynamics: a comprehensive review of underwater pipelines and cables","volume":"36","author":"D Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Physics of Fluids"},{"key":"pone.0346343.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40585","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2855725","article-title":"Subsea pipeline corrosion estimation by restoring and enhancing degraded underwater images","volume":"6","author":"A Khan","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"pone.0346343.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao X, Wang X, Du Z. 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