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Overall, 9 different bird species and 62 different host-parasite interactions were studied. We found non-significant trends between the two sampling years in terms of reduced clutch and brood size. However, we observed a decrease in population size between the sampling years, while differences in laying date were negatively related to temperature change between the years. Feather parasites and non-dipteran parasites tended to decrease in both prevalence and intensity, while dipteran parasites showed a few changes with time between the two sampling periods. The prevalence of blood parasites showed a non-significant increase between the two years studied. Importantly, the magnitude and even the direction of the temporal changes in parasitism experienced by different host species across populations depended on latitude, with the northernmost populations showing the smallest decrease in parasite intensity. 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