{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T18:16:34Z","timestamp":1783707394897,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["220211"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["220211"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"SD Biosensor","award":["no specifc number"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["no specifc number"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Severe neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia represents a considerable cause of mortality and long term-morbidity in neonates born in low resource settings. Early identification of risk factors, such as glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) status, has the potential to prevent severe hyperbilirubinaemia and improve the clinical outcomes. The primary aim of the study was to assess equivalency of cord blood and neonatal capillary blood for diagnosis of G6PD deficiency using the quantitative point-of-care \u201cSTANDARD G6PD\n                    <jats:sup>TM<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u201d test (SD Biosensor, Korea). The secondary aim was to analyse changes in G6PD activity in the first 4 months of life. A total of 75 neonates born in Shoklo Malaria Research Unit (SMRU) clinics were selected based on their G6PD status assessed through routine cord blood screening using the \u201cSTANDARD G6PD\n                    <jats:sup>TM<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u201d test. Using activity thresholds established before in this setting, 25 G6PD deficient, 25 G6PD intermediate and 25 G6PD normal neonates were identified and re-tested using capillary blood collected within 24 hours of life and at day 7 by both \u201cSTANDARD G6PD\n                    <jats:sup>TM<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u201d test and gold standard spectrophotometric assay. They were also followed-up at 1 and 4 months of age to study haematologic and G6PD activity changes over time. The results showed that the \u201cSTANDARD G6PD\n                    <jats:sup>TM<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u201d can be used reliably up to one week of life for testing neonates using the same thresholds established in cord blood. Agreement of G6PD activity measured by the point-of-care test as compared to the gold standard spectrophotometry remained excellent at all sampling time-points. Nevertheless, G6PD activity assessed longitudinally in the same participants decreased over time, both at 1 month of age and at 4 months of age, and interpretation of results in female infants with intermediate activity might require different thresholds. The study demonstrated that the \u201cSTANDARD G6PD\n                    <jats:sup>TM<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u201d can effectively support clinical care in neonates and infants in populations with prevalent G6PD deficiency at the primary care level and especially in low-resource settings.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0346837","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T17:48:17Z","timestamp":1783705697000},"page":"e0346837","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Use of the \u201cSTANDARD G6PDTM\u201d quantitative point-of-care test in neonates and infants"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Gornpan","family":"Gornsawun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eh","family":"Moo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klay","family":"Htoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Supalak","family":"Chalermvisutkul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary Ellen","family":"Gilder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phaw Khu","family":"Moo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laypaw","family":"Archusuksan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taco Jan","family":"Prins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Borimas","family":"Hanboonkunupakarn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rose","family":"McGready","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francois","family":"Nosten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4550-0431","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Germana","family":"Bancone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0346837.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjpo-2017-000105","article-title":"Burden of severe neonatal jaundice: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"1","author":"TM Slusher","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Paediatr Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0346837.ref002","article-title":"Extreme neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia in refugee and migrant populations: retrospective cohort","volume":"4","author":"EMN Wouda","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Paediatr Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0346837.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1053\/siny.2002.0099","article-title":"Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: a potential source of severe neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia and kernicterus","volume":"7","author":"M Kaplan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Semin Neonatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0346837.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0117229","article-title":"Risk factors for severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in low and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"BO Olusanya","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0346837.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-066529","article-title":"Technical evaluation and usability of a quantitative G6PD POC test in cord blood: a mixed-methods study in a low-resource setting","volume":"12","author":"G Bancone","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"pone.0346837.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.18417.2","article-title":"Reference spectrophotometric values for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in two-to six-month-old infants on the Thailand-Myanmar border","volume":"7","author":"G Bancone","year":"2024","journal-title":"Wellcome Open Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0346837.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3767","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V85.12.3767.bloodjournal85123767","article-title":"Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) mutations associated with F8C\/G6PD haplotypes in Chinese","volume":"85","author":"TK Tang","year":"1995","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0346837.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-198012000-00016","article-title":"Red cell metabolic alterations in postnatal life in term infants: glycolytic enzymes and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase","volume":"14","author":"SF Travis","year":"1980","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"pone.0346837.ref009","article-title":"Reference levels for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme activity in infants 7-90 days old in Taiwan","author":"WC Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Formos Med Assoc"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0346837.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0072721","article-title":"Neonatal intensive care in a Karen refugee camp: a 4 year descriptive study","volume":"8","author":"C Turner","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0346837.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0258127","article-title":"High levels of pathological jaundice in the first 24 hours and neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia in an epidemiological cohort study on the Thailand-Myanmar border","volume":"16","author":"L Thielemans","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0346837.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0000475","article-title":"Contribution of genetic factors to high rates of neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia on the Thailand-Myanmar border","volume":"2","author":"G Bancone","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLOS Glob Public Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0346837.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0116063","article-title":"Characterization of G6PD genotypes and phenotypes on the northwestern Thailand-Myanmar border","volume":"9","author":"G Bancone","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0346837.ref014","article-title":"Performance of the CareStart\u2122 G6PD deficiency screening test, a point-of-care diagnostic for primaquine therapy screening","volume":"6","author":"S Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"pone.0346837.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.13373.1","article-title":"Diagnostic performances of the fluorescent spot test for G6PD deficiency in newborns along the Thailand-Myanmar border: a cohort study","volume":"3","author":"L Thielemans","year":"2018","journal-title":"Wellcome Open Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0346837.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1159\/000491993","article-title":"Can fetal umbilical venous blood be a reliable source for admission complete blood count and culture in NICU patients?","volume":"115","author":"R Greer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neonatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0346837.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aller.2019.12.009","article-title":"Reference values of leukocyte and lymphocytes populations in umbilical cord and capillary blood in healthy Mexican newborns","volume":"48","author":"S Scheffer-Mendoza","year":"2020","journal-title":"Allergol Immunopathol (Madr)"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0346837.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1977.tb00589.x","article-title":"International Committee for Standardization in Haematology: recommended methods for red-cell enzyme analysis","volume":"35","author":"E Beutler","year":"1977","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0346837.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI104969","article-title":"Relationship between age and enzymatic activities in human erythrocytes from normal and fava bean-sensitive subjects","volume":"43","author":"A Bonsignore","year":"1964","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0346837.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011652","article-title":"Clinical performance validation of the STANDARD G6PD test: a multi-country pooled analysis","volume":"17","author":"W Adissu","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0346837.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-024-05144-1","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of the point-of-care standard G6PD test\u2122 (SD Biosensor) for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"JC Mart\u00ednez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0346837.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009649","article-title":"Evaluation of a point-of-care diagnostic to identify glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in Brazil","volume":"15","author":"S Zobrist","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0346837.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.12982\/CMUMEDJ.2022.08","article-title":"G6PD enzyme activity in newborns and children: reference values by the quantitative colorimetric method and a comparison with the fluorescent spot test","volume":"61","author":"S Manowong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomed Sci Clin Med"}],"container-title":["PLOS One"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0346837","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T17:48:23Z","timestamp":1783705703000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0346837"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Samuel Kofi","family":"Tchum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0346837","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]}}}