{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T18:05:43Z","timestamp":1785434743921,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Doctor Professor Service Group\" Special Project of Kaili University","award":["BS20240214"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BS20240214"]}]},{"name":"the Integrated Research Team for Resource Utilization and Fauna & Flora Conservation of Kaili University","award":["YTH-TD20255I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YTH-TD20255I"]}]},{"name":"the Natural Science Research Youth Project of the Department of Education of Guizhou Province","award":["Qian Jiaoji [2024]230"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Qian Jiaoji [2024]230"]}]},{"name":"Youth Science and Technology Innovation Fund","award":["XXNK202543"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XXNK202543"]}]},{"name":"Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Program \u2013 Basic Research Youth Guiding Project","award":["Qian Ke He Ji Chu QN 249"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Qian Ke He Ji Chu QN 249"]}]},{"name":"the Key Special Project on the Research, Development and Demonstration of Integrated Technologies for the Prevention and Control of Major Plant Diseases and Pests","award":["2024YFD1401200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFD1401200"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Begonia fimbristipula<\/jats:italic>\n                      , an economically important medicinal plant in southern China, has recently suffered severe yield losses from leaf spot disease in Guizhou and Hunan Provinces; the causal pathogen remains unknown.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Field surveys were conducted across multiple locations in Guizhou and Hunan Provinces to record disease symptoms and incidence. The pathogen was isolated from diseased leaves via tissue culture, and identified by combining morphological characteristics and multilocus phylogenetic analysis (ITS, TEF1\u03b1, RPB2). Pathogenicity was verified by fulfilling Koch\u2019s postulates through artificial inoculation and re-isolation assays.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Severe leaf spot outbreaks were observed in August 2024, with over 60% disease incidence across 667 hectares and &gt;20% fresh leaf yield loss. The isolated pathogen was identified as Corynespora cassiicola based on gray to dark-gray colonies, pale-brown olivaceous conidia with 0\u201315 pseudosepta, and \u226598% bootstrap support in phylogenetic clustering with known C. cassiicola strains. Koch's postulates were fulfilled by reproducing typical field symptoms on inoculated B. fimbristipula seedlings and re-isolating the pathogen.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is the first report of C. cassiicola causing leaf spot on B. fimbristipula in China, expanding the host range of this pathogen. Our findings provide a critical basis for the accurate diagnosis of this newly emerging disease on the medicinal plant.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0346996","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T17:39:17Z","timestamp":1785433157000},"page":"e0346996","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["First report of Corynespora cassiicola causing leaf spot on Begonia fimbristipula in China"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Xiaobo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyi","family":"Zuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianhua","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanshun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuting","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5590-2655","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xun","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0346996.ref001","first-page":"195","article-title":"Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of extracts from Begonia fimbristipula Hance","volume":"2","author":"L Han","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oxid Antioxid Med Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0346996.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2521","DOI":"10.1094\/PDIS-01-23-0159-PDN","article-title":"First Report of Corynespora cassiicola Causing Leaf Spot on Jasminum nudiflorum in China","volume":"107","author":"Y Hu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plant Disease"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0346996.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1094\/PDIS-03-22-0635-PDN","article-title":"First Report of Corynespora cassiicola Causing Leaf Spot of Strobilanthes cusia in China","volume":"107","author":"BC Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plant Disease"},{"key":"pone.0346996.ref004","first-page":"34","article-title":"Characterization of Corynespora cassiicola isolates causing leaf spot on tobacco in southern China","volume":"50","author":"D Lan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Tropical Plant Pathology"},{"key":"pone.0346996.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1094\/PDIS-05-20-1021-PDN","article-title":"First report of Corynespora cassiicola causing leaf spot on Syringa spp. in China","volume":"105","author":"SF Xie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Plant Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0346996.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2503","DOI":"10.1139\/b91-311","article-title":"Interactions between Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Epicoccum purpurascens","volume":"69","author":"T Zhou","year":"1991","journal-title":"Can J Bot"},{"key":"pone.0346996.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/efp.12684","article-title":"First report of Corynespora cassiicola causing leaf spot on Acanthus ilicifolius in China","volume":"51","author":"S Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"For Pathol"},{"key":"pone.0346996.ref008","first-page":"315","article-title":"Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics","volume-title":"PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications","author":"TJ White","year":"1990"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0346996.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1080\/00275514.1999.12061051","article-title":"A method for designing primer sets for speciation studies in filamentous ascomycetes","volume":"91","author":"I Carbone","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mycologia"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0346996.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1799","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026092","article-title":"Phylogenetic relationships among ascomycetes: evidence from an RNA polymerse II subunit","volume":"16","author":"YJ Liu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"}],"container-title":["PLOS 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