{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T05:18:38Z","timestamp":1777871918076,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012456","name":"National Social Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["22BTY055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22BTY055"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012456","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"13th Five\u00e2\u20ac\u2018Year Plan Project of the National Social Science Foundation of China","award":["BLA160070"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BLA160070"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"\n Visual attention plays a crucial role in basketball shooting, yet how it adapts under varying exercise intensities and from different shooting positions remains poorly understood, especially in elite female athletes. This study examined the effects of exercise intensity (low, moderate, high) and shooting position (left 45\u00b0, 90\u00b0, right 45\u00b0) on fixation behavior and 2\u2011point shooting accuracy in elite female basketball players. Twenty\u2011two players from a championship\u2011winning university team performed two\u2011point shots from three positions under three intensity conditions, each defined by heart\u2011rate zones (%HRmax). Fixation metrics (number of fixations, fixation duration, distribution) were recorded using Tobii Glasses 3. Data were analyzed using two\u2011way repeated\u2011measures ANOVA and generalized linear mixed\u2011effects models (GLMMs) with a binomial distribution for trial\u2011level accuracy; Pearson correlations are reported descriptively. Exercise intensity significantly influenced all fixation metrics. High intensity led to increased fixations across all areas of interest (hoop, backboard, net) and longer total fixation duration, indicating higher cognitive load. Moderate intensity was associated with the lowest total number of fixations and shortest duration, reflecting efficient visual processing. Shooting position also affected fixation: the 90\u00b0 position attracted the most fixations and longest duration on the hoop (\n F<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20094.56,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.017,\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \u03b7<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n p<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n 2<\/mml:mtext>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:alternatives>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n \u2009=\u20090.19, 95% CI [0.02, 0.37]), while the 45\u00b0 positions shifted attention toward the backboard. Fixation duration on the hoop positively correlated with accuracy under high intensity (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.499,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.021, 95% CI [0.10, 0.76]), whereas number of fixations negatively correlated with accuracy across intensities. Moderate intensity promotes optimal visual\u2011attentional control and shooting accuracy in elite female athletes, whereas high intensity disrupts fixation stability and increases cognitive load. Position\u2011specific adaptations in visual strategy were also observed. These findings support the use of intensity\u2011 and position\u2011based visual training to enhance shooting performance under realistic game conditions.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0348017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T17:33:05Z","timestamp":1777570385000},"page":"e0348017","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exercise intensity and shooting position modulate fixation behavior and 2-point shooting accuracy in elite female basketball players: An eye-tracking study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Xiaokun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sunnan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3995-7788","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chunzhou","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0348017.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2019.1571113","article-title":"Especial skill vs. quiet eye duration in basketball free throw: Evidence for the inhibition of competing task solutions","volume":"19","author":"A Klostermann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Sport 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