{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T18:05:31Z","timestamp":1779991531803,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fondation Anesvad"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004423","name":"World Health Organization","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004423","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Yaws is one of the skin-related neglected tropical disease (skin NTD). It is closely linked to poverty and occurs mainly in poor communities in hot, humid, tropical regions. Children in disadvantaged communities in the tropics are most affected. Following the recommendations of the WHO NTD Road map 2021\u20132030, C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire planned an evaluation (clinical and serological investigation) to assess the true extent of yaws in the country. C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire is one of the nine countries currently endemic for yaws in the WHO African Region. The aim of this investigation was to establish the endemicity of yaws and to gather information that will inform planning for yaws eradication in C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A public health intervention involving active case-finding was conducted in 345 health areas of 15 targeted health districts. All children aged 2\u201315 years in village primary schools and in households were systematically recruited and examined. All enrolled children with suspicious lesions were initially tested with Standard Diagnostic (SD) serological treponemal test. Cases positive for treponemal SD test were subsequently tested using the dual treponemal and non-treponemal point-of-care test (DPP), a rapid serological test that is used to confirm yaws. All confirmed cases were treated with a single dose of azithromycin according to age. Additionally, other skin NTD and skin conditions were detected.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 3870 villages and hamlets were investigated in which 486 975 children were targeted. Overall, 65 918 (14.66%) children with various skin lesions were identified. Two hundred and ninety-one (291) RDT (Rapid Diagnostic Test) positive cases of yaws were documented. Half of the RDT positive cases (146\/291) were confirmed as DPP positive. Children aged 5\u201314 years (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009129) represented 88% of DPP positive cases. The four most common skin conditions identified were traumatic wounds (13 855; 21.07%), dermatophytosis (15 640; 23.8%), pityriasis versicolor (6998; 10.64%) and scabies (5955; 9.05%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This rapid investigation confirmed the endemicity of yaws in C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire at low and variable prevalence. Treatment interventions will be adapted to the level of endemicity that we have found. Analysis of the results opens avenues of research to better understand the endemicity of yaws in C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0348510","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T17:29:21Z","timestamp":1779989361000},"page":"e0348510","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Yaws active case detection surveys in 15 districts of Cote d\u2019Ivoire"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Aboa Paul","family":"Koffi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9128-5555","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Didier Yao","family":"Koffi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elys\u00e9e Gobe","family":"Agodio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Th\u00e9odore","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N\u2019cho Mouroh Chantal","family":"N\u2019guessan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amari Jules Cesar","family":"Akpa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eguzki\u00f1e Mu\u00f1oz","family":"Trevilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Notie","family":"Bert\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N\u2019zebo","family":"N\u2019goran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nzrasse Florent","family":"Niamke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agui Sylvetre","family":"Dizoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N\u2019goran Raphael","family":"N\u2019dri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1122-737X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Priya","family":"Pathak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beshah Abat\u00e9","family":"Mulugeta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yves Thierry","family":"Barogui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kingsley Bampoe","family":"Asiedu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mamadou","family":"Kaloga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0348510.ref001","volume-title":"Essentials of diseases of the skin","author":"HW Stelwagon","year":"2020"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0348510.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003165","article-title":"Where the road ends, yaws begins? The cost-effectiveness of eradication versus more roads","volume":"8","author":"C Fitzpatrick","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"pone.0348510.ref003","first-page":"23","article-title":"Types of skin disease and their causes.","author":"FA. Mphande","year":"2020","journal-title":"Skin disorders in vulnerable populations: causes, impacts and challenges. Singapore: Springer"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0348510.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462414549036","article-title":"Yaws","volume":"26","author":"M Marks","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0348510.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(01)01513-1","article-title":"The endemic treponematoses","volume":"4","author":"GM Antal","year":"2002","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"pone.0348510.ref006","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Eradication of yaws: procedures for verification and certification of interruption of transmission. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018. Consult\u00e9 le: 30 d\u00e9cembre 2022. En ligne]. Disponible sur: https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/259903"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0348510.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009373","article-title":"New global targets for NTDs in the WHO roadmap 2021\u20132030","volume":"15","author":"A Casulli","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLOS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"pone.0348510.ref008","article-title":"The core bacteriobiome of C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire soils across three vegetation zones","volume":"14","author":"CER Amon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0348510.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012224","article-title":"Knowledge, attitudes and practices towards yaws in endemic areas of Ghana, Cameroon and C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire","volume":"18","author":"CG Beiras","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0348510.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.22-0566","article-title":"Finding yaws among indigenous people: lessons from case detection surveys in Luzon and Visayas Island groups of the Philippines","volume":"108","author":"B Dofitas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0348510.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006360","article-title":"Point-of-care tests for syphilis and yaws in a low-income setting - a qualitative study of healthcare worker and patient experiences","volume":"12","author":"M Marks","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0348510.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2022-055546","article-title":"Improved rapid diagnostic tests to detect syphilis and yaws: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"98","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"pone.0348510.ref013","article-title":"Une nouvelle feuille de route pour les maladies tropicales n\u00e9glig\u00e9es","author":"F Mutapi","year":"2022","journal-title":"natafrica"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0348510.ref014","article-title":"Seroprevalence of yaws in children under five following massive administration of azalide in the health district of Mba\u00efki, Central African Republic","volume":"24","author":"G Piamale","year":"2023","journal-title":"Health Sci Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0348510.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(15)00011-X","article-title":"Global epidemiology of yaws: a systematic review","volume":"3","author":"O Mitj\u00e0","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0348510.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005557","article-title":"Yaws resurgence in Bankim, Cameroon: the relative effectiveness of different means of detection in rural communities","volume":"11","author":"AU Boock","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"pone.0348510.ref017","first-page":"119","article-title":"Epidemiology of yaws: an update","volume":"6","author":"WM Kazadi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"pone.0348510.ref018","unstructured":"Hassan Z, Isa H, Shitu Sa\u2019id A. Screening for the reemergence of yaws in Nigeria. 2021;8:764\u20138."},{"key":"pone.0348510.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-53901-5_16","article-title":"Yaws.","author":"N Agana","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neglected tropical diseases - Sub-Saharan Africa. 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