{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T18:13:26Z","timestamp":1779387206613,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Anonymous private donation to the Faculty of Welfare and Health Sciences at the University of Haifa"},{"name":"Shalem Fund","award":["890-709"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["890-709"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n Play is a fundamental aspect of children\u2019s development, fostering their cognitive, social, and emotional growth. However, children with intellectual disability (ID) experience limitations in their ability to engage in play, which can impact their relationships with caregivers. Parents of children with ID face heightened stress and reduced playfulness in their interactions with their children. Existing early interventions have primarily focused on behavioral parent training programs to manage challenging child behaviors, lacking a direct and positive approach to enhancing parent-child play interactions and relationships.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n This study aims to develop, implement, and evaluate \u2018Just Play\u2019(JP), a creative arts therapies-based dyadic early intervention to enhance the quality of mother-child interactions through positive playful engagement.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n A mixed-methods randomized controlled trial will be conducted with 60 mother-child dyads (children aged 3\u20137 with a prior ID diagnosis). Participants will be randomly assigned to either the JP dyadic intervention or to psycho-educational parent counseling control group. Quantitative data will include measures of emotional availability, mother and child playfulness, and the level of interpersonal synchrony between mothers and their children at baseline and post-intervention. Additionally, qualitative interviews with a subset of mothers in the JP group will be conducted at post-intervention and two-month follow-up to explore their experiences and identify the best practices of the intervention.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results & Implications<\/jats:title>\n This study will provide empirical evidence on the effectiveness of JP dyadic intervention in strengthening positive mother-child relationships in families of children with ID. Findings will inform future early intervention strategies, contributing to evidence-based guidelines for practitioners working with children with ID while emphasizing the unique contribution of creative arts therapies to this population.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n \n ClinicalTrials.gov, registered August 6, 2024 (\n NCT06541782<\/jats:ext-link>\n ||\n https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT06541782<\/jats:ext-link>\n ).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0349576","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T17:34:05Z","timestamp":1779384845000},"page":"e0349576","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u2018Just Play\u2019 (JP) - creative arts therapies-based dyadic intervention for children with intellectual disability and their mothers: Study protocol for a mixed-methods randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8980-1472","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rita","family":"Abramov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8688-8826","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Amitai","family":"Stern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rinat","family":"Feniger-Schaal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cochavit","family":"Elefant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Limor","family":"Goldner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tal-Chen","family":"Rabinowitch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0349576.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118963418.childpsy211","article-title":"The development of play","volume-title":"Handbook of child psychology and developmental science: Cognitive processes","author":"AS Lillard","year":"2015"},{"key":"pone.0349576.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315009698","volume-title":"Play, dreams and imitation in childhood","author":"J Piaget","year":"2013"},{"key":"pone.0349576.ref003","volume-title":"Mind in society: Development of higher psychological processes","author":"LS Vygotsky","year":"1978"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0349576.ref004","article-title":"The Power of Play: A Pediatric Role in Enhancing Development in Young Children","volume":"142","author":"Committee On Psychosocial Aspects Of Child And Family Health","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"pone.0349576.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103524","article-title":"Emergent patterns in the development of young children\u2019s object play","volume":"224","author":"K Lifter","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Psychol (Amst)"},{"key":"pone.0349576.ref006","first-page":"20","article-title":"Considering Development in Developmental Disorders","author":"SJ Paterson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Building Bridges: Cognitive Development in Typical and Atypical Development. 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