{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T18:04:53Z","timestamp":1779905093824,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Perely Health"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004489","name":"Mitacs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004489","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Long-term care (LTC) homes face persistent workforce recruitment and retention challenges, particularly among staff balancing professional responsibilities with childcare needs. Integrating childcare services within LTC homes has the potential to improve staff well-being, workforce stability, and resident experiences through intergenerational engagement. Despite this potential, the implementation literature remains fragmented, and no systematic synthesis of barriers, facilitators, or contextual determinants exists.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To systematically map the literature on barriers and facilitators to implementing childcare services within LTC homes and identify gaps to inform research, policy, and practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We will conduct a scoping review following the Arksey and O\u2019Malley framework, enhanced by Levac et al., and report findings according to PRISMA-P and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Literature searches will be conducted in MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, and PsycINFO, supplemented by grey literature searches. Eligible studies include qualitative, quantitative, or mixed-methods research, program evaluations, and policy reports examining implementation of childcare services within or linked to LTC homes. Two reviewers will independently screen studies, extract data using a standardized form, and resolve discrepancies through discussion or a third reviewer. Extraction will capture study characteristics, childcare model details, reported barriers and facilitators, and outcomes. Findings will be synthesized narratively and organized thematically using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR 2.0). Stakeholder engagement with LTC and early childhood centre staff will guide interpretation and knowledge translation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Expected outcomes<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The review will identify key determinants of successful implementation, highlight gaps in the evidence, and provide actionable insights for LTC administrators, early childhood partners, and policymakers seeking to develop sustainable, equitable co-located childcare programs that benefit residents, children, and staff.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0350032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T17:28:33Z","timestamp":1779902913000},"page":"e0350032","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Barriers and facilitators to implementing childcare in long-term care homes: A scoping review protocol and consultative exercise"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1277-472X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kristina M.","family":"Kokorelias","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annie","family":"Robitaille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0350032.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnaa157","article-title":"Between Social Inclusion and Exclusion: Integration of Daycare Guests in the Nursing Home Setting","volume":"61","author":"K H\u00e4mel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0350032.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20010809","article-title":"Intergenerational Day Centers: A New Wave in Adult and Child Day Care","volume":"20","author":"N Norouzi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"pone.0350032.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315783451","volume-title":"Intergenerational programs: Past, present and future","author":"S Newman","year":"2014"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0350032.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1017\/S104161021700182X","article-title":"The impact of intergenerational programs on children and older adults: a review","volume":"30","author":"MR Gualano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0350032.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1007\/s10433-018-00497-4","article-title":"Intergenerational programs: What can school-age children and older people expect from them? A systematic review","volume":"16","author":"C Giraudeau","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Ageing"},{"key":"pone.0350032.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1882","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.01882","article-title":"A Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Intergenerational Programs","volume":"8","author":"A Canedo-Garc\u00eda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0350032.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1080\/20590776.2023.2289626","article-title":"Promoting social and emotional learning in early childhood through intergenerational programming: a systematic review","volume":"41","author":"JA Banks","year":"2023","journal-title":"Educational and Developmental Psychologist"},{"key":"pone.0350032.ref008","volume-title":"Care Across Ages: Opportunities for Early Childhood and Senior Intergenerational Shared Site Programs in the San Francisco Bay Area","author":"NM Gerona","year":"2022"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0350032.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1080\/15350770.2024.2413627","article-title":"Shared Site Intergenerational Care Programs with Older Adults and Young Children: A Scoping Review","volume":"24","author":"O Rawlings-Way","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Intergenerational Relationships"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0350032.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1177\/14713012241235378","article-title":"A pilot study of an intergenerational program for people in residential aged care with cognitive impairment and children from a co-located early learning centre during COVID-19","volume":"23","author":"NM D\u2019Cunha","year":"2024","journal-title":"Dementia (London)"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0350032.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1080\/15350770.2020.1720886","article-title":"Planning an Intergenerational Shared Site: Nursing Home Resident Perspectives","volume":"18","author":"LE Weeks","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Intergenerational Relationships"},{"key":"pone.0350032.ref012","unstructured":"Sprouse SD. A Project Plan Study to Determine the Need for an Intergenerational Daycare Facility in Kern County. 2005."},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0350032.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-024-05454-8","article-title":"Social connection in long-term care homes: a qualitative study of barriers and facilitators","volume":"24","author":"H Chapman","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"key":"pone.0350032.ref014","article-title":"Benefits and challenges of intergenerational child daycare and senior programs or facilities: A systematic review of the literature","author":"J Wendland","year":"2023","journal-title":"Annales M\u00e9dico-psychologiques, revue psychiatrique"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0350032.ref015","first-page":"140","article-title":"Benefits of an intergenerational program in the early years","volume":"10","author":"E Kirsh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Early Childhood Education Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0350032.ref016","first-page":"56","article-title":"Healthcare Workers\u2019 Perceptions of On-Site Childcare","volume":"68","author":"A Braddock","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Healthc Manag"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0350032.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-021-01181-5","article-title":"Conceptualizing outcomes for use with the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR): the CFIR Outcomes Addendum","volume":"17","author":"LJ Damschroder","year":"2022","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0350032.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1080\/1364557032000119616","article-title":"Scoping studies: towards a methodological framework","volume":"8","author":"H Arksey","year":"2005","journal-title":"International Journal of Social Research Methodology"},{"key":"pone.0350032.ref019","volume-title":"Joanna Briggs Institute reviewer\u2019s manual","author":"E Aromataris","year":"2017"},{"key":"pone.0350032.ref020","first-page":"6","article-title":"PRISMA-P (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Protocols) 2015 checklist: recommended items to address in a systematic review protocol","volume":"5","author":"item Page C","year":"2015","journal-title":"Methods (San Diego, Calif)"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0350032.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-0850","article-title":"PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation","volume":"169","author":"AC Tricco","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0350032.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s12961-020-0539-6","article-title":"How does integrated knowledge translation (IKT) compare to other collaborative research approaches to generating and translating knowledge? 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