{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T18:15:02Z","timestamp":1783361702072,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017642","name":"Spanish National Plan for Scientific and Technical Research and Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PID2020-0113221RB-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2020-0113221RB-I00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017642","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017642","name":"Spanish National Plan for Scientific and Technical Research and Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PID2023-149326OB-C21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2023-149326OB-C21"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017642","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017642","name":"Spanish National Plan for Scientific and Technical Research and Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RYC2019-026841-I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RYC2019-026841-I"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017642","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Hematological analyses are widely used to assess the health and physiological status of animals, including fish. Automated hematology analyzers enable rapid and reproducible hematological measurements; however, their application in fish requires species-specific analytical validation due to the presence of nucleated blood cells. This study evaluated the analytical performance of the Sysmex XN-1000V hematology analyzer operated under avian settings (PLT-F channel), in juvenile gilthead seabream (\n                    <jats:italic>Sparus aurata<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), one of the cornerstone species of Mediterranean marine aquaculture. Analytical validation included assessment of precision, linearity, carryover, and sample stability. Results were compared with manual reference methods (hemocytometer counts and blood smear-based estimates). In addition, the influence of two anticoagulants (lithium heparin and K\u2082EDTA) was examined, and the analyzer\u2019s ability to detect lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced changes in non-erythroid cell population was evaluated. The analyzer showed good precision for most parameters (CV\u2009&lt;\u20095%), although higher variability was observed for granulocyte percentage. Linearity was excellent (R\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009\u2265\u20090.98), and carryover remained below 1% for all variables. Sample stability was significantly better at 4 \u00b0C than at room temperature (25 \u00b0C), supporting refrigerated storage for up to 24 hours prior to analysis. Comparison with manual reference methods revealed strong correlations and agreement for red blood cell counts and hematocrit, whereas discrepancies were identified in non-erythroid cells differentials. Among anticoagulants, lithium heparin yielded more consistent and reliable results than K\u2082EDTA. Erythrocyte-related parameters showed the highest analytical reliability, whereas the leucocyte differentiation within the non-erythroid fraction required complementary microscopic evaluation, particularly when assessing LPS-induced inflammatory changes. Overall, the Sysmex XN-1000V demonstrated suitable analytical performance for routine hematological assessment in gilthead seabream when operated under avian settings. These findings support its application in aquaculture health monitoring programs, provided that appropriate anticoagulants are used, samples are promptly processed or refrigerated, and automated results are complemented by microscopic review when leukocyte counts are suspected.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0350278","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T17:25:11Z","timestamp":1783358711000},"page":"e0350278","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Performance evaluation of the sysmex XN-1000V automated hematology analyzer in marine fish species: Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2969-9172","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Montse","family":"Mesalles","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josep","family":"Pastor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Serrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafaela","family":"Cuenca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Llu\u00eds","family":"Tort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Teles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0350278.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2015.02.004","article-title":"Inside the redbox: Applications of haematology in wildlife monitoring and ecosystem health assessment","volume":"514","author":"A Maceda-Veiga","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"pone.0350278.ref002","first-page":"317","article-title":"Use of hematological parameters as assessment tools in fish health status","volume":"24","author":"A Docan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Agroaliment Process Technol"},{"key":"pone.0350278.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616955","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.616955","article-title":"Blood will tell: What hematological analyses can reveal about fish welfare","volume":"8","author":"H Seibel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0350278.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1111\/raq.12753","article-title":"Application of haematology parameters for health management in fish farms","volume":"15","author":"H Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Reviews in Aquaculture"},{"key":"pone.0350278.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119660293","volume-title":"Exotic Animal Hematology and Cytology","author":"TW Campbell","year":"2022","edition":"5"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0350278.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2011.02.001","article-title":"Advances in hematology analyzers","volume":"26","author":"DB DeNicola","year":"2011","journal-title":"Top Companion Anim Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0350278.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1111\/vcp.12936","article-title":"Validation of the Sysmex XN-V hematology analyzer for canine specimens","volume":"50","author":"M Grebert","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vet Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0350278.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1111\/vcp.13377","article-title":"Validation of the Sysmex XN-V hematology analyzer for feline specimens","volume":"53","author":"M Guerlin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Vet Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0350278.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1111\/vcp.13314","article-title":"Performance evaluation of the Sysmex XN-1000V in side-by-side comparison with the Siemens ADVIA 120 and manual methods for healthy CD Sprague-Dawley rats and CD-1 mice","volume":"53","author":"JM Schroeder","year":"2024","journal-title":"Vet Clin Pathol"},{"key":"pone.0350278.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2024.105164","article-title":"Automated hematological cell count using sysmex XN-1000V in Testudo hermanni: Agreement with manual count","volume":"169","author":"S Meazzi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0350278.ref011","article-title":"Reference intervals for hematology and biochemistry in juvenile Eastern spot-billed ducks (Anas zonorhyncha) and validation of an automated hematology analyzer for avian blood analysis","volume":"20","author":"O Im","year":"2025","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0350278.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1080\/10236244.2012.677559","article-title":"Automatic analysis to assess hematological parameters in farmed gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) Linnaeus, 1758","volume":"45","author":"F Fazio","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mar Freshw Behav Physiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0350278.ref013","first-page":"437","article-title":"Monthly variations of hematological parameters of Sparus aurata and Dicentrarchus labrax reared in Mediterranean land off-shore tanks","volume":"55","author":"C Faggio","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cah Biol Mar"},{"key":"pone.0350278.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737498","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2021.737498","article-title":"Hematological methods in fish \u2013 Not only for beginners","volume":"547","author":"M Witeska","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0350278.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.3390\/ani15091265","article-title":"Preliminary evaluation of an automated blood cell analyzer for its use with blood samples from rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss","volume":"15","author":"M Mesalles","year":"2025","journal-title":"Animals (Basel)"},{"key":"pone.0350278.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1007\/s10499-021-00668-8","article-title":"Comparative hematology using different anticoagulants in Colossoma macropomum anesthetized with benzocaine and eugenol by using different anticoagulants","volume":"29","author":"A Sousa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aquac Int"},{"key":"pone.0350278.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/s10499-021-00796-1","article-title":"Effect of heparin and EDTA on hematology of Arapaima gigas","volume":"30","author":"A Gonzales-Flores","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aquac Int"},{"key":"pone.0350278.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1007\/s00580-022-03375-9","article-title":"Impact of three anticoagulants and their storage time on hematological parameters of snow trout, Schizothorax labiatus, habiting in river Sindh of Indian Himalayan region","volume":"31","author":"K Jan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comp Clin Pathol"},{"key":"pone.0350278.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00579855","article-title":"Heparin and EDTA as anticoagulants for fish blood","volume":"355","author":"J Hattingh","year":"1975","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch"},{"key":"pone.0350278.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tice.2020.101398","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of two anticoagulants used for the analysis of haematological, biochemical parameters and blood cell morphology of himalayan snow trout, Schizopyge plagiostomus","volume":"67","author":"ZA Sheikh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Tissue Cell"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0350278.ref021","article-title":"Extraction and characterization of lipopolysaccharide from aeromonas hydrophila and its effects on survival and hematology of the carp, cyprinus carpio","volume":"17","author":"V Selvaraj","year":"2004","journal-title":"AFS"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0350278.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2008.04.009","article-title":"Biological effects of bacterial lipopolysaccharide in fish","volume":"25","author":"P Swain","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol"},{"key":"pone.0350278.ref023","article-title":"Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2024: Blue transformation in action. Rome:","year":"2024","journal-title":"FAO"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0350278.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1111\/ijlh.12201","article-title":"ICSH guidelines for the evaluation of blood cell analysers including those used for differential leucocyte and reticulocyte counting","volume":"36","author":"International Council for Standardization in Haematology, Writing Group","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Lab Hematol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0350278.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1111\/vcp.12810","article-title":"ASVCPGuidelines: Principles of quality assurance and standards for veterinary clinical pathology (version 3.0)","volume":"48","author":"JE Arnold","year":"2019","journal-title":"Veterinary Clinical Pathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0350278.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1080\/24750263.2018.1460694","article-title":"Comparative study of haematology of two teleost fish (Mugil cephalus and Carassius auratus) from different environments and feeding habits","volume":"85","author":"V Parrino","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Zool J"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0350278.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.1977.tb04140.x","article-title":"The leucocytes of fish: A review","volume":"11","author":"AE Ellis","year":"1977","journal-title":"Journal of Fish Biology"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0350278.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.1988.tb05474.x","article-title":"Effects of sampling conditions on selected blood variables of rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson","volume":"33","author":"DE Korcock","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of Fish Biology"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0350278.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/112.5.687","article-title":"Refrigerated storage improves the stability of complete blood count results","volume":"112","author":"BL Wood","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0350278.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cccn.2004.02.038","article-title":"Quality specification in haematology: the state of the art","volume":"346","author":"M Buttarello","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0350278.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1002\/cbf.2915","article-title":"Effect of storage time on haematological parameters in mullet, Mugil cephalus","volume":"31","author":"C Faggio","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Biochem Funct"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0350278.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.17221\/51\/2017-VETMED","article-title":"Stability of haematological parameters in stored blood samples of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792)","volume":"62","author":"F Fazio","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0350278.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.a.183","article-title":"Branchial osmoregulatory response to salinity in the gilthead sea bream, Sparus auratus","volume":"303","author":"R Laiz-Carri\u00f3n","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Exp Zool A Comp Exp Biol"},{"key":"pone.0350278.ref034","unstructured":"Sysmex Veterinary Diagnostics. The influence of RBC counting technology on MCHC results. 2023. https:\/\/www.sysmex.com\/en-us\/training-and-knowledge\/knowledge\/hematology-white-paper---the-influence-of-rbc-counting"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0350278.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1439-0426.2001.00250.x","article-title":"Haematology of the turbot, Psetta maxima (L.): Ultrastructural, cytochemical and morphological properties of peripheral blood leucocytes","volume":"17","author":"A Burrows","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Appl Ichthyol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0350278.ref036","first-page":"215","article-title":"Peripheral blood cells of the armored catfish Hoplosternum littorale Hancock, 1828: A morphological and cytochemical study","volume":"22","author":"M Tavares-Dias","year":"2005","journal-title":"Braz J Morphol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0350278.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-165X.2012.00413.x","article-title":"ASVCP quality assurance guidelines: Control of preanalytical and analytical factors for hematology for mammalian and nonmammalian species, hemostasis, and crossmatching in veterinary laboratories","volume":"41","author":"LM Vap","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0350278.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpc.2007.04.004","article-title":"The effects of anticoagulants on hematological indices and blood cell morphology of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)","volume":"146","author":"J Walencik","year":"2007","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0350278.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.1973.tb04510.x","article-title":"Routine haematological methods for use with fish blood","volume":"5","author":"PC Blaxhall","year":"1973","journal-title":"Journal of Fish Biology"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0350278.ref040","first-page":"99","article-title":"Disodium EDTA used as anticoagulant causes hemolysis in common carp blood","volume":"35","author":"M Witeska","year":"2011","journal-title":"Turk J Vet Anim Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0350278.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.4194\/1303-2712-v14_3_03","article-title":"Effect of three different anticoagulants and storage time on haematological parameters of Mugil cephalus (Linneaus, 1758)","volume":"14","author":"C Faggio","year":"2014","journal-title":"Turk J Fish and Aquat Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0350278.ref042","first-page":"635","article-title":"Quality assurance in the hematology laboratory","volume":"8","author":"KE Harr","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0350278.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1590\/S0044-59672012000200017","article-title":"Heparin and K3EDTA as anticoagulants for tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum Cuvier, 1816)","volume":"42","author":"SB P\u00e1dua","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Amazon"},{"key":"pone.0350278.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2025.110291","article-title":"Comparison of anticoagulant vacutainer blood collection tubes on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) leukocyte viability during long-term storage","volume":"161","author":"E Vallejos-Vidal","year":"2025","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0350278.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1139\/m66-143","article-title":"Comparative studies on the toxicity of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide endotoxin in various animal species","volume":"12","author":"I Berczi","year":"1966","journal-title":"Can J Microbiol"}],"container-title":["PLOS One"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0350278","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T17:25:22Z","timestamp":1783358722000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0350278"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Ishtiyaq","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0350278","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]]}}}