{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T12:55:38Z","timestamp":1793796938929,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782172800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Allergosan","award":["6649"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6649"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The gut microbiome plays a central role in human health and is strongly influenced by diet. Probiotics can beneficially modulate the microbiome and, through the gut\u2013brain axis, may affect mood, appetite, and food preferences. This randomized controlled trial examined whether three months of probiotic supplementation could alter dietary intake in individuals with major depression (\n                      <jats:italic>MD<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) and healthy controls (\n                      <jats:italic>HC<\/jats:italic>\n                      ).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 53 participants (23 with\n                      <jats:italic>MD<\/jats:italic>\n                      , 30\n                      <jats:italic>HC<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) received either a multi-strain probiotic or placebo twice daily for three months. Dietary intake was assessed at baseline and three follow-ups using the Vienna Food Record (VFR). Nutritional data were analyzed with nut.s\u00ae software and evaluated using mixed ANOVAs for repeated measures. These analyses represent additional data collected within the framework of the ProBioHRV study.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Changes across dietary measures were generally small, with only a limited number reaching statistical significance. Significant three-way interactions (\n                      <jats:italic>time\u2009\u00d7\u2009intervention\u2009\u00d7\u2009diagnosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) emerged for vitamin D intake, dietary variety, folic acid, and diversity. In\n                      <jats:italic>HC<\/jats:italic>\n                      , probiotic supplementation was associated with higher vitamin D intake after one week, while in\n                      <jats:italic>MD<\/jats:italic>\n                      , a similar increase was observed after three months (trend level,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.058). Conversely, participants receiving probiotics showed lower dietary variety and diversity scores at several time points. Across all time points, folic acid intake was lower in\n                      <jats:italic>MD<\/jats:italic>\n                      compared to\n                      <jats:italic>HC<\/jats:italic>\n                      , independent of intervention.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Probiotic supplementation did not produce consistent changes in nutrient intake but showed exploratory, time- and group-dependent patterns for selected measures, including vitamin D intake and dietary variety and diversity. Given the pilot nature of the study, these findings are descriptive and hypothesis- generating. Larger, well-powered studies with objective nutritional and microbiome measures are required.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0350801","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T17:39:15Z","timestamp":1782236355000},"page":"e0350801","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Do probiotics modulate dietary intake? Pilot data from a randomized controlled sub-study of the ProBioHRV clinical trial in patients with depression and healthy controls"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Julia 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