{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T17:58:54Z","timestamp":1781287134566,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781222400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"General Project of Jiangsu Natural Science Foundation","award":["BK20221181"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20221181"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cognitive dysfunction has increasingly been recognized in Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS), yet the neural mechanisms underlying inhibitory control in this population remain insufficiently characterized. Rather than reflecting a simple global deficit, cognitive alterations in AS may involve task-dependent changes in the coupling between neural activity and behavioral performance. This study examined executive control in AS using a Go\/NoGo paradigm and focus on brain-behavior coupling during inhibitory processing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>16 male patients and 23 age-matched healthy controls completed a Go\/NoGo task while undergoing 32-channel EEG recording. ERP analyses focused on N2 (200\u2013300ms) and the late positive component in the NoGo condition (hereafter termed NoGo-P3; 400\u2013600ms). Mean amplitudes were extracted at fronto-parietal midline electrodes. To directly test group differences in brain\u2013behavior coupling, linear regression models including the ERP\u2009\u00d7\u2009Group interaction term were fitted. Theta-band (4\u20137 Hz) power within the 400\u2013600 ms window was additionally analyzed using FFT-based spectral estimation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Behaviorally, AS patients showed lower Go accuracy and longer Go reaction times, together with a tendency toward higher NoGo accuracy. In AS patients, NoGo accuracy positively correlated with NoGo-P3 amplitude at FCz (r\u2009=\u2009.64, p\u2009=\u2009.009) and Cz (r\u2009=\u2009.55, p\u2009=\u2009.035), whereas these associations were not significant in controls. Direct group comparison showed a significant ERP\u2009\u00d7\u2009Group interaction at FCz (b\u2009=\u20090.084, p\u2009=\u20090.033), indicating that the relationship between NoGo-P3 amplitude and inhibitory accuracy differed between AS patients and healthy controls, while Cz (b\u2009=\u20090.051, p\u2009=\u20090.106) showed a similar but non-significant trend. Complementary theta analyses revealed enhanced post-stimulus theta power in centro-parietal regions during NoGo processing in AS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings suggest altered brain\u2013behavior coupling during inhibitory control in AS, with the most robust evidence emerging from the NoGo-P3 component at FCz. This pattern is consistent with greater reliance on effortful control-related neural recruitment during successful inhibition and may represent a candidate electrophysiological marker of altered executive processing in AS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0351397","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T17:36:52Z","timestamp":1781285812000},"page":"e0351397","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Altered brain\u2013behavior coupling during inhibitory control in ankylosing spondylitis: ERP evidence from NoGo-P3 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