{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T18:25:28Z","timestamp":1787077528605,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Science and Technology Project of the Health Commission of Jiangxi Province","award":["No. 202211248"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 202211248"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"\n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To develop an intelligent weight verification management system for the quality of ready-to-use neonatal parenteral nutrition (PN) infusions and validate its reliability and application efficacy, aiming to enhance the quality and safety of these infusions.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n An intelligent weight verification approach was established through drug density determination, maintenance of information parameters, automatic calculation of theoretical weight by the hospital information system (HIS), and actual measurement using a high-precision electronic scale. A total of 350 bags of neonatal PN orders prepared in the Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Services (PIVAS) of our hospital from January to June 2024 were randomly selected. Seven compounding technicians prepared 50 bags each, and two designated pharmacists conducted verification using the residual liquid method and the weighing method, respectively. The error rate between the theoretical and actual weighing values was computed, statistical analysis of the pertinent data was conducted, and the viability of the weighing method was assessed from four perspectives: precision, trend controllability, operator stability, and verification efficiency.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n The relative standard deviation (RSD) of error rates was\u2009<\u20091%, indicating excellent precision. The average error rate was 1.92%, with 97.43% of error rates within the predefined threshold (\u22121% to 5%) and 90.9% within the 3\u03c3 range. The error rate trends for different volumes aligned with variations in filling quantities, demonstrating controllable overall error trends. The interquartile range (IQR) variation in error rates among operators at different time points was\u2009<\u200930%, reflecting good operational stability. The weighing method achieved significantly higher verification efficiency (15.4 minutes per bag) than the residual liquid method (28.6 minutes per bag, P\u2009<\u20090.05) and identified an additional 6 unqualified infusions.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n The weight verification system demonstrates validated reliability in improving quality assurance and operational efficiency for ready-to-use neonatal PN infusions in PIVAS settings, warranting clinical implementation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0351932","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T17:30:46Z","timestamp":1787074246000},"page":"e0351932","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development and validation of an intelligent weight verification management system for neonatal ready-to-use parenteral nutrition infusions"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0052-5168","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xiaolin","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunhui","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijuan","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxia","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanhua","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengying","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0351932.ref001","first-page":"1177","article-title":"Chinese guidelines for the clinical application of neonatal nutritional support","volume":"31","author":"W Cai","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Pediatrics"},{"issue":"02","key":"pone.0351932.ref002","first-page":"268","article-title":"Analysis of parenteral nutrition prescriptions for preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit of a hospital","volume":"40","author":"J Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Herald of Medicine"},{"issue":"01","key":"pone.0351932.ref003","first-page":"149","article-title":"Application of medical failure mode and effect analysis in the preparation of neonatal parenteral nutrition solutions","volume":"19","author":"WL Qiao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Central South Pharmacy"},{"issue":"03","key":"pone.0351932.ref004","first-page":"139","article-title":"Comparison and application of three different methods in rechecking the dose of neonatal parenteral nutrition finished infusions","volume":"28","author":"XH Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0351932.ref005","first-page":"103","article-title":"Application of the weight method in the finished product rechecking link of pharmacy intravenous admixture services","volume":"36","author":"XB Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Strait Pharmaceutical Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0351932.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1310\/hpj4804-282","article-title":"Guidelines for the safe preparation of sterile compounds: Results of the ISMP sterile preparation compounding safety summit of October 2011","volume":"48","author":"DS Rich","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hosp Pharm"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0351932.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-022-08580-4","article-title":"Application of information-intelligence technologies in pharmacy intravenous admixture services in a Chinese third-class a hospital","volume":"22","author":"X Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"24","key":"pone.0351932.ref008","first-page":"3041","article-title":"Establishment and practice of a weight-based recheck management model for PIVAS finished infusions based on quality analysis","volume":"31","author":"SP Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"China Pharmacy"},{"issue":"01","key":"pone.0351932.ref009","first-page":"168","article-title":"Application of PDCA cycle in reducing the error rate of neonatal total parenteral nutrition solution compounding","volume":"6","author":"F Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clinical Medicine Research and Practice"},{"issue":"09","key":"pone.0351932.ref010","first-page":"1288","article-title":"The role of optimizing information system functions in improving PIVAS work in our hospital","volume":"29","author":"XB Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"China Pharmacy"},{"key":"pone.0351932.ref011","year":"1993"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0351932.ref012","article-title":"Safe practices for parenteral nutrition","volume":"28","author":"J Mirtallo","year":"2004","journal-title":"JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr"},{"issue":"23","key":"pone.0351932.ref013","first-page":"2186","article-title":"Construction of a PIVAS infusion quality monitoring model based on weight, residual volume, and content monitoring technologies","volume":"58","author":"FC Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal"},{"issue":"07","key":"pone.0351932.ref014","first-page":"1135","article-title":"Impact of changing the compounding and finished product rechecking models in PIVAS on improving compounding speed and accuracy","volume":"16","author":"SS Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anti-Infection Pharmacy"},{"issue":"08","key":"pone.0351932.ref015","first-page":"997","article-title":"Discussion on a method for inspecting the fill volume of small-volume injections","volume":"35","author":"W Wei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Biologicals"}],"container-title":["PLOS One"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0351932","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T17:30:50Z","timestamp":1787074250000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0351932"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Christophe","family":"Curti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0351932","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]}}}