{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:35:13Z","timestamp":1787319313969,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JPJSBP120203804"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPJSBP120203804"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JPJSBP120219945"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPJSBP120219945"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20KK0254"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20KK0254"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20K09351"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20K09351"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Heat-related diseases and their treatments are becoming the center of focus due to global warming resulting in rising global temperatures. Heatstroke is the most hazardous condition of heat-related diseases, which when left untreated leads to death. One of the main characteristics of heatstroke is the dysfunction of the central nervous system. In this study, we established an\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    heatstroke model of the blood\u2013brain barrier (BBB) consisting of endothelial cells and pericytes. Following heat exposure at 43\u00b0C for 3 h, the model failed to recover during the subsequent 24 h regeneration period. The damage was shown by decreased transendothelial resistance (p\u2009&lt;\u20090,0001) and confirmed by permeability assays and immunohistochemistry with\n                    <jats:italic>in silico<\/jats:italic>\n                    analysis. We subsequently evaluated the effect of dexamethasone in our heatstroke model. Administration of dexamethasone post-heatstroke alleviated BBB damage during the regeneration period, by increasing transendothelial electrical resistance and ZO-1 expression while reducing BBB permeability. Our findings suggest that dexamethasone reduces heatstroke damage at the BBB in\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    conditions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0352334","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T17:29:41Z","timestamp":1782754181000},"page":"e0352334","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Dexamethasone restores blood\u2013brain barrier integrity in an in vitro heatstroke model"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9498-3557","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kazuaki","family":"Okamura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7316-4201","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Karoline","family":"Pichlerova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takayuki","family":"Matsuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7881-2127","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"William D.","family":"Cutts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brandon J.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7135-2220","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yoichi","family":"Morofuji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0352334.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1004364","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of heatwave-related mortality from 1990 to 2019: A three-stage modelling study","volume":"21","author":"Q Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0352334.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1002\/j.2040-4603.2015.tb00612.x","article-title":"Heat Stroke","volume":"5","author":"LR Leon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Comprehens 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