{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T18:20:44Z","timestamp":1783621244069,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783555200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patient adherence to orthodontic treatment depends on comfort, absence of pain, and improved quality of life. Pain and discomfort from procedures like interproximal separation or appliance activation are often underestimated by professionals. Low-level laser therapy, with minimal side effects, shows potential for pain relief in orthodontics, though its efficacy remains uncertain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the efficacy of low-level laser therapy in controlling pain in orthodontic patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic review of randomized controlled trials with orthodontic patients assessing low-level laser therapy will be done. Studies with specific treatments, such as hybrid orthodontics with skeletal anchorage or intermaxillary elastics, will be excluded. The intervention will compare low-level laser therapy alone versus sham therapy, no treatment, or other interventions. No restrictions will apply regarding publication date, language, or patient age. Primary outcomes will be pain; secondary outcomes will be quality of life and adverse effects. Searches will be performed in Cochrane, Embase, LILACS, MEDLINE (via PubMed), and Scopus, plus gray literature (Google Scholar, ProQuest), reference lists, expert consultations, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Retrieved records will be merged in a reference manager, with duplicates removed, and imported into LASER AI software. Calibrated authors will independently select studies in two phases: title\/abstract screening and full-text screening. Included studies will undergo narrative synthesis, and, if sufficiently homogeneous, meta-analysis. Risk of bias will be assessed with RoB 2, and certainty of evidence graded with GRADE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0352702","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T17:54:24Z","timestamp":1783619664000},"page":"e0352702","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy of low-level laser therapy in pain relief during orthodontic treatment: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1982-6929","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Cintia","family":"Ronchi Lemos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Bianchini Orlandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Carolina","family":"Pereira Thimoteo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Polmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1762-7059","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Patr\u00edcia","family":"Pauletto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristine","family":"Miron Stefani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7622-1550","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Eliete","family":"Neves Silva Guerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Flores-Mir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graziela","family":"De Luca Canto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0352702.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00001908","article-title":"Relationship between patient discomfort, appliance acceptance and compliance in orthodontic therapy","volume":"61","author":"GM Doll","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0352702.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.2319\/082317-570.1","article-title":"Pain experience in adults undergoing treatment: A longitudinal evaluation","volume":"88","author":"A Johal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0352702.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(98)70201-X","article-title":"Pain and discomfort during orthodontic treatment: Causative factors and effects on compliance","volume":"114","author":"HG Sergl","year":"1998","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"issue":"9","key":"pone.0352702.ref004","article-title":"Implementation of low-level laser therapy in dentistry: a review","volume":"14","author":"A Rathod","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0352702.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.15171\/jlms.2019.52","article-title":"Lasers: A Review With Their Applications in Oral Medicine","volume":"10","author":"AM Luke","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Lasers Med Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0352702.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"028002","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.19.2.028002","article-title":"Laser phototherapy accelerates oral keratinocyte migration through the modulation of the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway","volume":"19","author":"ACA Pellicioli","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Biomed Opt"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0352702.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1724","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9061724","article-title":"Photobiomodulation\u2014Underlying Mechanism and Clinical Applications","volume":"9","author":"C Dompe","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"pone.0352702.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8560652","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/8560652","article-title":"Effectiveness of Low-Level Laser Therapy in Reducing Orthodontic Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"2017","author":"NF Deana","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pain Res Manag"},{"issue":"12","key":"pone.0352702.ref009","first-page":"862","article-title":"Systematic Review of Orthodontic Treatment Management with Photobiomodulation Therapy","volume":"37","author":"M Cronshaw","year":"2019","journal-title":"Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg"},{"key":"pone.0352702.ref010","unstructured":"Mesquita TR. 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