{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T19:08:47Z","timestamp":1784833727930,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LAETA Base Funding (DOI: UIDB\/50022\/2020)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LAETA Base Funding (DOI: UIDB\/50022\/2020)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/05913\/2020 (DOI: 10.54499\/UIDB\/05913\/2020)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/05913\/2020 (DOI: 10.54499\/UIDB\/05913\/2020)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aimed to assess the physiological profile of male volunteer firefighters at a broad spectrum of exercise intensities to determine whether their cardiorespiratory fitness level is adequate to meet the physiological demands of their occupational activities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty-one male volunteer firefighters performed an intermittent incremental treadmill running exercise (with 4 min steps, 1 km\u00b7h\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      increments and 30 s rest periods). Cardiorespiratory variables were continuously monitored and blood lactate concentrations were obtained at baseline, throughout rest periods and post-exercise. The study followed a cross-sectional laboratory-based assessment, in accordance with the STROBE guidelines for cross-sectional studies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The increase in running velocity resulted in progressively higher values from low to severe exercise intensities in oxygen uptake (from 23.6\u2009\u00b1\u20097.5 to 44.1\u2009\u00b1\u20097.6 mL\u00b7kg\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u00b7min\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      ;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001; \u03b7\n                      <jats:sub>p<\/jats:sub>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.560), heart rate (from 133\u2009\u00b1\u200924 to 185\u2009\u00b1\u200914 bpm;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001; \u03b7\n                      <jats:sub>p<\/jats:sub>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.459) and energy expenditure (from 127\u2009\u00b1\u200950 to 303\u2009\u00b1\u200951 kJ;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001; \u03b7\n                      <jats:sub>p<\/jats:sub>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.654). Aerobic energy contributions progressively declined (94\u201383%), while anaerobic contributions increased (6\u201317%) across the incremental intensity domains. Inverse associations were reported between heart rate and body mass index at heavy (r\u2009= \u22120.38;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.017) and severe (r\u2009= \u22120.34;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.028) intensities, and with fat mass at heavy intensity (r\u2009= \u22120.32;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.037).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Findings evidenced a moderate to strong effect of exercise intensities on most assessed variables, and approximately half of the participants (~52%) did not meet the age-specific oxygen uptake threshold recommended by widely referenced National Fire Protection Association (NFPA-USA) guidelines for performing their professional duties. Given the firefighters\u2019 high physiological demands, they should follow structured training interventions and receive targeted nutritional guidance to improve their cardiorespiratory fitness while ensuring optimal performance in the field.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0353529","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T18:57:36Z","timestamp":1784833056000},"page":"e0353529","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cardiorespiratory fitness profile of volunteer firefighters during intermittent incremental exercise: A cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4942-7625","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Denisse","family":"Bustos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filipa","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3574-6692","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Manoel","family":"J. Rios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9722-3910","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ricardo","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diogo","family":"D. 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