{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T06:01:19Z","timestamp":1791352879985,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004561","name":"Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AP23489001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AP23489001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004561","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Pododermatitis (bumblefoot) is a chronic, debilitating disease of the plantar surface of the foot that affects birds of prey kept in captivity worldwide. Although bacterial pathogens, especially\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , are most commonly considered as causative agents, the contribution of opportunistic yeasts to chronic, non-healing footpad lesions remains poorly characterized. Keratinophilic yeasts may sustain the disease process by degrading keratin in superficial tissues, impairing wound healing and, owing to their thermotolerance and minimal nutritional requirements, persisting in the environment of the bird\u2019s enclosure. In this study, three captive steppe eagles (\n                    <jats:italic>Aquila nipalensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) from a single aviary in Kazakhstan, all presenting with chronic pododermatitis unresponsive to antibacterial treatment, were investigated by integrated mycological, biochemical and molecular approaches. The yeast isolates were recovered from the deep footpad lesions and identified to species level by sequencing of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA region. All these isolates were assigned to\n                    <jats:italic>Candida metapsilosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and phylogenetic analysis confirmed their close clustering with reference\n                    <jats:italic>C. metapsilosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    sequences. Phenotypic characterization showed that all isolates were thermotolerant (growth at 8\u201337 \u00b0C), expressed strong urease and keratinolytic activity (the latter confirmed\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    by the hair perforation test), high saccharolytic activity and selective, weak proteolytic activity. Disk diffusion screening showed susceptibility to azoles (ketoconazole, clotrimazole, fluconazole) and reduced susceptibility to polyenes (nystatin, amphotericin B). To our knowledge, this is the first report of\n                    <jats:italic>C. metapsilosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolated from chronic pododermatitis lesions in captive steppe eagles. Combined with the documented\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    virulence-associated traits and the resolution of the lesions following targeted antifungal therapy, our findings support a contributory etiological role of\n                    <jats:italic>C. metapsilosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    as an opportunistic pathogen in raptor pododermatitis in immunocompromised birds maintained under suboptimal husbandry. Mycological work-up, including molecular identification, is therefore warranted in cases of chronic, non-resolving pododermatitis in captive birds of prey.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0353552","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T17:29:06Z","timestamp":1785518946000},"page":"e0353552","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Isolation and characterization of Candida metapsilosis from foci of chronic pododermatitis in captive steppe eagles in Kazakhstan"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Elena","family":"Kukhar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gulshat","family":"Bailina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4261-7611","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aziza","family":"Nessipbayeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rano","family":"Sattarova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marat","family":"Turkeyev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0353552.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci12050498","article-title":"The comparative anatomy of the metatarsal foot pad in eight species of birds of prey and owls with regard to the development of pododermatitis","volume":"12","author":"R Schwehn","year":"2025","journal-title":"Vet Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0353552.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1530\/RAF-23-0076","article-title":"Microbiomes in Birds: A Review of Links to Health and Reproduction","volume":"5","author":"MA Ottinger","year":"2024","journal-title":"Reprod Fertil"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0353552.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvex.2022.12.001","article-title":"Avian dermatology","volume":"26","author":"T Abou-Zahr","year":"2023","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0353552.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/ahe.13085","article-title":"Bill shape variation in selected species in birds of prey","volume":"53","author":"B \u00c7akar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Anat Histol Embryol"},{"key":"pone.0353552.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5877(96)01137-3","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors for bumblefoot (pododermatitis) in rehabilitated raptors","volume":"31","author":"AJ Rodriguez-Lainz","year":"1997","journal-title":"Prev Vet Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0353552.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1647\/1082-6742-34.1.9","article-title":"Effects of Perching Surfaces and Foot Bandaging on Central Metatarsal Foot Pad Weight Loading of the Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus)","volume":"34","author":"T Barboza","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Avian Med Surg"},{"key":"pone.0353552.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1593110","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2025.1593110","article-title":"Synergistic use of satellite, legacy, and in situ data to predict spatio-temporal patterns of the invasive Lantana camara in a savannah ecosystem","volume":"16","author":"LT Schell","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Plant Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0353552.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2273","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-015-4420-4","article-title":"Acanthocephalans of the genus Centrorhynchus (Palaeacanthocephala: Centrorhynchidae) of birds of prey (Falconiformes) and owls (Strigiformes) in Slovakia","volume":"114","author":"P Komorov\u00e1","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0353552.ref009","first-page":"71","article-title":"Surgical treatment of bumblefoot in a captive golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos)","volume":"3","author":"SL Poorbaghi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet Res Forum"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0353552.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-025-11079-y","article-title":"Community-acquired pneumonia associated with influenza co-infection caused by fusobacterium necrophorum: a case report and literature review","volume":"25","author":"M Cao","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0353552.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-36.2.378","article-title":"Proliferative pododermatitis associated with virus-like particles in a northern gannet","volume":"36","author":"PY Daoust","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0353552.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.3844\/ajavsp.2018.66.69","article-title":"Foot Pad Dermatitis Associated with Osteomyelitis in a Mute Swan (Cygnus olor)","volume":"13","author":"A Jahandideh","year":"2018","journal-title":"American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences"},{"key":"pone.0353552.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104875","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2019.104875","article-title":"Pododermatitis in raptors admitted in a wildlife rehabilitation centre in central spain","volume":"175","author":"C Rodr\u00edguez D\u00edez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prev Vet Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0353552.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2009.03.033","article-title":"Animal poisoning in Europe. Part 3: Wildlife","volume":"183","author":"R Guitart","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0353552.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.17582\/journal.jahp\/2017\/5.3.85.88","article-title":"Candidiasis in a Parakeet an Avenue to Zooanthroponosis","volume":"5","author":"S Kumar","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Anim Health Prod"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0353552.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jepm.2005.11.003","article-title":"A Multifaceted Approach to the Treatment of Bumblefoot in Raptors","volume":"15","author":"JD Remple","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0353552.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1647\/20-00029","article-title":"Cardiac Disease of Raptors","volume":"35","author":"SC Oster","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Avian Med Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0353552.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvex.2016.07.008","article-title":"Principles and Applications of Radiation Therapy in Exotic Animals","volume":"20","author":"MS Kent","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract"},{"key":"pone.0353552.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.06.144","article-title":"Oral mycoses in avian scavengers exposed to antibiotics from livestock farming","author":"A Pitarch","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0353552.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-024-00503-3","article-title":"Invasive candidiasis","volume":"10","author":"C Lass-Fl\u00f6rl","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"15","key":"pone.0353552.ref021","article-title":"Important Mycoses of Wildlife: Emphasis on Etiology, Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Pathology-A Review: PART 1","volume":"12","author":"ICI Ugochukwu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Animals (Basel)"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0353552.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvex.2007.12.004","article-title":"Raptor toxicology","volume":"11","author":"PT Redig","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract"},{"key":"pone.0353552.ref023","author":"National Research Council (US) Committee on Well-Being of Nonhuman Primates","year":"1997"},{"key":"pone.0353552.ref024","article-title":"Matrix Extension Study: Validation of Compact Dry YM for Enumeration of Yeast and Mold in Selected Foods","year":"2016","journal-title":"J AOAC Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0353552.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbr.2007.02.007","article-title":"Determinants of virulence in the pathogenic fungi","volume":"21","author":"A Casadevall","year":"2007","journal-title":"Fungal Biol Rev"},{"key":"pone.0353552.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.aambs.2014.12.002","article-title":"Candida survival strategies","volume":"91","author":"M Polke","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv Appl Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0353552.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvex.2006.03.007","article-title":"Raptor medicine: an approach to wild, falconry, and educational birds of prey","volume":"9","author":"V Joseph","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract"},{"key":"pone.0353552.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-008-9106-3","article-title":"Conventional methods for the diagnosis of dermatophytosis","volume":"166","author":"R Robert","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0353552.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-014-3355-z","article-title":"Candida colonization index and subsequent infection in critically ill surgical patients: 20 years later","volume":"40","author":"P Eggimann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"15","key":"pone.0353552.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1315399","article-title":"Invasive Candidiasis","volume":"373","author":"BJ Kullberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0353552.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvex.2008.01.006","article-title":"Pet bird toxicity and related environmental concerns","volume":"11","author":"TL Lightfoot","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0353552.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-005-0239-8","article-title":"Microbial keratinases and their prospective applications: an overview","volume":"70","author":"R Gupta","year":"2006","journal-title":"Appl Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0353552.ref033","article-title":"Changing trends in the fungal aetiology of chronic suppurative otitis media and antifungal susceptibility patterns of isolated fungi: a pilot study from a tertiary care centre in Central India","volume":"18","author":"AA Bhadade","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0353552.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/smtd.202502070","article-title":"Electroelution Into a Salt Trap: Reviving an Old-School Approach to DNA Purification","volume":"10","author":"R Kalendar","year":"2026","journal-title":"Small Methods"},{"issue":"39","key":"pone.0353552.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15526","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.4c03720","article-title":"An improved method and device for nucleic acid isolation using a high-salt gel electroelution trap","volume":"96","author":"R Kalendar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Anal Chem"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0353552.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4356","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.66.10.4356-4360.2000","article-title":"PCR primers that amplify fungal rRNA genes from environmental samples","volume":"66","author":"J Borneman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0353552.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/edn3.535","article-title":"Environmental DNA reveals the ecology and seasonal migration of a rare sturgeon species in the Ural River","volume":"6","author":"G Abileva","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environmental DNA"},{"key":"pone.0353552.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1464197","DOI":"10.3389\/fbinf.2024.1464197","article-title":"In silico PCR analysis: a comprehensive bioinformatics tool for enhancing nucleic acid amplification assays","volume":"4","author":"R Kalendar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Bioinform"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0353552.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2025.102716","article-title":"Comprehensive web-based platform for advanced PCR design, genotyping, synthetic biology, molecular diagnostics, and sequence analysis","volume":"36","author":"R Kalendar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol Ther Nucleic Acids"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0353552.ref040","first-page":"512","article-title":"Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees","volume":"10","author":"K Tamura","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0353552.ref041","first-page":"406","article-title":"The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees","volume":"4","author":"N Saitou","year":"1987","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0353552.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1007\/s00239-025-10287-z","article-title":"MEGA 12.1: Cross-Platform Release for macOS and Linux Operating Systems","volume":"94","author":"G Stecher","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Mol Evol"},{"issue":"11","key":"pone.0353552.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3522","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00403-07","article-title":"Multicenter comparison of the VITEK 2 antifungal susceptibility test with the CLSI broth microdilution reference method for testing amphotericin B, flucytosine, and voriconazole against Candida spp","volume":"45","author":"MA Pfaller","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0353552.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.36519\/idcm.2020.0006","article-title":"Candida Infections: Clinical Features, Diagnosis and Treatment","volume":"2","author":"SPB Tamo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"pone.0353552.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S448213","article-title":"The Emerging Pathogen Candida metapsilosis: Biological Aspects, Virulence Factors, Diagnosis, and Treatment","volume":"17","author":"M G\u00f3mez-Gaviria","year":"2024","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0353552.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.2174\/1871526515666150320162036","article-title":"Candidiasis: a fungal infection--current challenges and progress in prevention and treatment","volume":"15","author":"U Hani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Infect Disord Drug Targets"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0353552.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-002-2131-0","article-title":"In vivo pathogenicity of eight medically relevant Candida species in an animal model","volume":"30","author":"M Arendrup","year":"2002","journal-title":"Infection"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0353552.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2012.10.003","article-title":"Epidemiology and outcomes of candidemia in 3648 patients: data from the Prospective Antifungal Therapy (PATH Alliance(R)) registry, 2004-2008","volume":"74","author":"M Pfaller","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0353552.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3551","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00865-06","article-title":"Candida guilliermondii, an opportunistic fungal pathogen with decreased susceptibility to fluconazole: geographic and temporal trends from the ARTEMIS DISK antifungal surveillance program","volume":"44","author":"MA Pfaller","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0353552.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0732-8893(97)00192-2","article-title":"National surveillance of nosocomial blood stream infection due to species of Candida other than Candida albicans: frequency of occurrence and antifungal susceptibility in the SCOPE Program. SCOPE Participant Group. Surveillance and Control of Pathogens of Epidemiologic","volume":"30","author":"MA Pfaller","year":"1998","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0353552.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.3109\/13693786.2010.530032","article-title":"Biofilm production and evaluation of antifungal susceptibility amongst clinical Candida spp. isolates, including strains of the Candida parapsilosis complex","volume":"49","author":"AS Melo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"issue":"10","key":"pone.0353552.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1005626","article-title":"The Genomic Aftermath of Hybridization in the Opportunistic Pathogen Candida metapsilosis","volume":"11","author":"LP Pryszcz","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0353552.ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01103977","article-title":"Extracellular enzymatic activity of Microsporum canis isolates","volume":"132","author":"R Papini","year":"1995","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0353552.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/femsyr\/fox069","article-title":"First report of urease activity in the novel systemic fungal pathogen Emergomyces africanus: a comparison with the neurotrope Cryptococcus neoformans","volume":"17","author":"B Lerm","year":"2017","journal-title":"FEMS Yeast Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0353552.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0507.2011.02133.x","article-title":"Difference in keratinase activity of dermatophytes at different environmental conditions is an attribute of adaptation to parasitism","volume":"55","author":"A Sharma","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"pone.0353552.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.037812-0","article-title":"Prevalence, distribution and antifungal susceptibility profiles of Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis and Candida metapsilosis bloodstream isolates","volume":"61","author":"LX Bonfietti","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0353552.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2010.07.004","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility of Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis in Taiwan","volume":"68","author":"Y-C Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0353552.ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.53523\/ijoirVol10I1ID328","article-title":"Clotrimazole for Treatment of Fungal Skin Infections Disease","volume":"10","author":"AJ Issa","year":"2023","journal-title":"IJOIR"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0360045","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791244800000}}],"container-title":["PLOS One"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0353552","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T17:29:16Z","timestamp":1785518956000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0353552"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Petr","family":"Heneberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0353552","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]}}}