{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T18:06:20Z","timestamp":1784657180116,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":114,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Yucatan Department of Rural and Fishery Development).","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Lane snapper\n                    <jats:italic>Lutjanus synagris<\/jats:italic>\n                    is an important species that supports both commercial and recreational fisheries. In the southern Gulf of Mexico, lane snapper is one of the snapper species with the highest annual catch volumes. Nevertheless, information on several life-history traits such as longevity, natural mortality and age at maturity is lacking, which are important for providing appropriate management options. From the total captured lane snapper (n\u2009=\u20091150), 367 were used to estimate the age-life history. Specimens were captured through the small-scale fleet of Yucatan from 2008 to 2009 in southern Gulf of Mexico with total lengths from 14.50\u201345.90 cm and whole weights from 0.05\u20131.10 kg. Thin otolith sections were used to determine the age of lane snapper. Left sagittae were embedded in clear epoxy resin, thin sectioned (300 \u00b5m thickness), and analyzed using a stereomicroscope, counting opaque zones (white) deposited annually during late spring to early summer. Estimated ages ranged from 0\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    to 16 years for females (n\u2009=\u2009189) and from 0\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    to 15 years for males (n\u2009=\u2009164). In the growth modeling process, three candidate models were fitted to improve the plausibility of growth estimates under conditions where both small\/young and large\/old individuals are poorly represented, and the observed length-at-age data show high variability. A Bayesian approach based on the Markov Chain Monte Carlo was used, with informative priors on the growth parameters. During model fitting, three\u2011parameter versions were used: k,\n                    <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>\u221e<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    , and a third parameter based on length-at-birth,\n                    <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>0<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    ; among these, the last two parameters have the same interpretation across all models. The best growth model by sex was selected based on the Leave-one-out cross-validation technique. The von Bertalanffy growth model was the best-fitting model for growth in both females and males. Growth parameters for females were for maximum mean length or asymptotic length (\n                    <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>\u221e<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    ) = 32.21 cm total length; growth coefficient (\n                    <jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) = 0.27 year\n                    <jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>\n                    ; size-at-age-zero (\n                    <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>0<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    ) = 2.06 cm and for males\n                    <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>\u221e<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    =\u2009 28.32 cm total length;\n                    <jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u2009 0.41 year\n                    <jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>\n                    ;\n                    <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>0<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009 =\u20092.03 cm. Natural mortality was estimated at 0.39 year\n                    <jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>\n                    for females and 0.41 year\n                    <jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>\n                    for males. Age at maturity in which 50% of the females and males have reached maturity was A\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u20093.11 years for females and 1.68 years for males. The reference points of the optimal size (L\n                    <jats:sub>opt<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and optimal age (A\n                    <jats:sub>opt<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) to harvest the specimens to achieve maximum yield were 26.17 cm total length, 6.20 years for females and 21.24 cm total length, 3.38 years for males. These results on the age-based life history and growth of lane snapper are novel for the southern Gulf of Mexico population. This information forms the basis for developing appropriate management measures, as catch volumes and exploitation levels are steadily increasing.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0353946","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T17:32:22Z","timestamp":1784655142000},"page":"e0353946","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Lutjanus synagris (Linnaeus 1758) age-based life history using a multi-model inference approach for growth in the southern Gulf of Mexico"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3404-7160","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Isabel","family":"Cervantes-Camacho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4215-8573","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ximena","family":"Ren\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Galindo-Cortes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3955-7696","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Teresa","family":"Col\u00e1s-Marrufo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia","family":"Noh-Qui\u00f1ones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0691-8934","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Thierry","family":"Brul\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"pone.0353946.ref001","volume-title":"Los peces marinos de Venezuela","author":"Fundaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica Los Roques","year":"1993"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref002","volume-title":"Biolog\u00eda y manejo de los pargos (Lutjanidae) en el Atl\u00e1ntico occidental","author":"R Claro","year":"2008"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref003","volume-title":"FAO species catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date","author":"GR Allen","year":"1985"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref004","first-page":"11","article-title":"Ecology and population dynamics of Lutjanus synagris on Campeche Bank.","volume-title":"Biology, fisheries and culture of tropical groupers and snappers","author":"E Rivera-Arriaga","year":"1996"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.3354\/meps203255","article-title":"Age, growth and reproduction of the lane snapper Lutjanus synagris (Pisces: Lutjanidae) at Bermuda","volume":"203","author":"BE Luckhurst","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mar Ecol Prog Ser"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref006","article-title":"Reproductive biology of the gray snapper (Lutjanidae: Lutjanus griseus) with notes on spawning for other western Atlantic lutjanids.","volume-title":"Biology of Tropical Groupers and Snappers","author":"MI Domeier","year":"1996"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fishres.2008.02.012","article-title":"Habitat use, growth, and mortality of post-settlement lane snapper (Lutjanus synagris) on natural banks in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico","volume":"93","author":"JJ Mikulas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fish Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0353946.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.3390\/d16060336","article-title":"Genetic Population Structure of Lane Snapper Lutjanus synagris (Linnaeus, 1758) in Western Atlantic: Implications for Conservation","volume":"16","author":"M N\u00fa\u00f1ez-Vallecillo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diversity"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref009","unstructured":"Aiken KA. Aspects of reproduction, age and growth of the Lane Snapper, Lutjanus synagris (Linnaeus, 1785), in Jamaican coastal waters. 2001."},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref010","first-page":"282","article-title":"Estimation of growth, mortality and yield per recruit for Lutjanus synagris (Linnaeus) in Puerto Rico","volume":"50","author":"A Acosta","year":"1992","journal-title":"Bull Mar Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0353946.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0426.2006.00720.x","article-title":"Length-based estimates of growth parameters and mortality rates of fish populations of the Caribbean Sea","volume":"22","author":"CB Garcia","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Appl Ichthyol"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref012","first-page":"335","article-title":"Reproductive and populational parameters of the lane snapper Lutjanus synagris, in the Gulf of Paria, Venezuela","volume":"19","author":"G G\u00f3mez","year":"2001","journal-title":"Zootec Trop"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref013","unstructured":"Johnson AG, Collins LA, Dahl J, Baker MS. Age, growth, and mortality of lane snapper from the northern Gulf of Mexico. In: Proceedings of the Forty-Ninth Annual Conference of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, 1995. 178\u201386."},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref014","first-page":"205","article-title":"Crecimiento y mortalidad de la rubia Lutjanus synagris de las costas de Yucat\u00e1n durante las temporadas de pesca 1983-1985","author":"R Torres-Lara","year":"1990","journal-title":"Anales del Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnolog\u00eda"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref015","first-page":"7","article-title":"Evaluaci\u00f3n y diagn\u00f3stico de la pesquer\u00eda de rubia (Lutjanus synagris) en el estado de Yucat\u00e1n","volume":"13","author":"R Torres","year":"1987","journal-title":"Cienc Mar"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref016","author":"LA Ayala Perez","year":"1984"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref017","volume-title":"Ecolog\u00eda y ciclo de vida de la biajaiba, Lutjanus synagris (Linnaeus), en la plataforma cubana: Formaci\u00f3n de marcas de crecimiento en sus estructuras","author":"R Claro","year":"1981"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref018","first-page":"22","article-title":"Reproduction, age and growth of the lane snapper, Lutjanus synagris (Linnaeus), in Trinidad, West Indies","volume":"40","author":"S Manickchand-Dass","year":"1987","journal-title":"Bull Mar Sci"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref019","author":"CF Quezada-Dom\u00ednguez","year":"1997"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref020","volume-title":"Estudios estad\u00edsticos y biol\u00f3gicos sobre la biajaiba (Lutjanus synagris)","author":"Z Rodr\u00edguez-Pino","year":"1962"},{"issue":"5","key":"pone.0353946.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1111\/jfb.15488","article-title":"Geographic variation in the life history of lane snapper Lutjanus synagris, with new insights from the warm edge of its distribution","volume":"103","author":"H Andrade","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Fish Biol"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fishres.2017.06.004","article-title":"Age, growth parameters and fisheries indices for the lane snapper in the Abrolhos Bank, SW Atlantic","volume":"194","author":"A Aschenbrenner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Fish Research"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref023","article-title":"Age, growth and reproduction of recreationally important snappers in southeast Florida","volume-title":"Southeast Florida reef fish abundance and biology: Five-year performance report","author":"LR Barbieri","year":"2003"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0353946.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.18785\/negs.0701.08","article-title":"Age, Growth, and Mortality of Lane Snapper from Southern Florida","volume":"7","author":"CS Manooch","year":"1984","journal-title":"negs"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0353946.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1007\/s11160-015-9388-8","article-title":"Modelling growth in fish with complex life histories","volume":"25","author":"RM Higgins","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev Fish Biol Fisheries"},{"issue":"6","key":"pone.0353946.ref026","article-title":"Age, growth, maturity, and mortality of an understudied Gray Snapper fishery from the north-central Gulf of Mexico","volume":"16","author":"ESM Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Marine and Coastal Fisheries"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fishres.2006.07.002","article-title":"Modelling fish growth: model selection, multi-model inference and model selection uncertainty","volume":"81","author":"S Katsanevakis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Fish Res"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2979.2008.00279.x","article-title":"Modelling fish growth: multi\u2010model inference as a better alternative to a priori using von Bertalanffy equation","author":"S Katsanevakis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fish and Fisheries"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aqrep.2023.101681","article-title":"Using multi-model inference to determine the growth rates of red snapper, Lutjanus campechanus, through ontogeny","volume":"32","author":"CJ McGuigan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aquac Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0353946.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.24275\/uam\/izt\/dcbs\/hidro\/2018v28n2\/Jurado","article-title":"Model uncertainty and Bayesian estimation of growth parameters of Yellowtail Snapper (Ocyurus chrysurus) from Veracruz, Mexico","volume":"28","author":"J Jurado Molina","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hidrobiol\u00f3gica"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fishres.2025.107646","article-title":"Age-based life history of Lutjanus analis from the southern Gulf of Mexico","volume":"293","author":"AM Escalante-Dom\u00ednguez","year":"2026","journal-title":"Fish Res"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref032","volume-title":"Model selection and multimodel inference: a practical information-theoretic approach","author":"KP Burnham","year":"2002"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref033","volume-title":"La actividad pesquera de la flota ribere\u00f1a en el estado de Yucat\u00e1n: pesquer\u00eda de escama","author":"C Monroy-Garc\u00eda","year":"2019"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref034","volume-title":"Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-065-PESC-2007, para regular el aprovechamiento de las especies de mero y especies asociadas, en aguas de jurisdicci\u00f3n federal del litoral del Golfo de M\u00e9xico y Mar Caribe","author":"SAGARPA","year":"2014"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref035","volume-title":"\u00bfHacia d\u00f3nde van las pesquer\u00edas en Yucat\u00e1n? Tendencias, Retos y Perspectivas","author":"S Salas","year":"2006"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.24275\/NBVK4674","article-title":"Stocks assessment and reference point estimations for the snappers fishery (Perciformes: Lutjanidae) in the Gulf of Mexico, 1980-2019","volume":"34","author":"JM Garc\u00eda-Caudillo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hidrobiol\u00f3gica"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref037","volume-title":"Anuario estad\u00edstico de acuacultura y pesca","author":"SADER","year":"2024"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref038","article-title":"An\u00e1lisis de la interacci\u00f3n de la pesca artesanal en Yucat\u00e1n y Campeche con las capturas incidentales de la flota de arrastre de camar\u00f3n en la sonda de Campeche.","volume-title":"Gesti\u00f3n sostenible de la captura incidental en las pesquer\u00edas de arrastre en Am\u00e9rica Latina y el Caribe","author":"INAPESCA y FAO","year":"2022"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref039","author":"IUCN I","year":"2023"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref040","author":"IUCN I","year":"2022"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref041","author":"K Lindeman","year":"2016"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0353946.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1002\/mcf2.10142","article-title":"Reproductive Strategy of a Continental Shelf Lane Snapper Population from the Southern Gulf of Mexico","volume":"13","author":"J Trejo-Mart\u00ednez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Marine and Coastal Fisheries"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref043","article-title":"Diet composition of two sympatric snappers Lutjanus synagris and Ocyurus chrysurus from the north continental shelf of Yucatan, Mexico","volume":"47","author":"T Brul\u00e9","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cybium"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fishres.2023.106735","article-title":"Comparing the accuracy and precision of novel bootstrapped length-frequency and length-at-age (otolith) analyses, with a case study of lane snapper (Lutjanus synagris) in the SW Atlantic","volume":"264","author":"R Schwamborn","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fish Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0353946.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/fishes6010001","article-title":"Trends in Growth Modeling in Fisheries Science","volume":"6","author":"SA Flinn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fishes"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref046","first-page":"305","article-title":"Use of productivity and susceptibility indices to determine stock vulnerability, with example applications to six US fisheries","volume":"108","author":"WS Patrick","year":"2009","journal-title":"Fisheries Bulletin"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-7963(96)00123-6","article-title":"Upwelling on the Yucatan Shelf: hydrographic evidence","volume":"13","author":"M Merino","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Marine Systems"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref048","first-page":"115","article-title":"Hydrogeology of the Yucatan peninsula.","volume-title":"The lowland Maya: three millennia at the human\u2013wildland interface","author":"E Perry","year":"2003"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref049","first-page":"363","article-title":"Estado de \u201csalud\u201d de la costa de acuerdo con indicadores del estado tr\u00f3fico del agua.","volume-title":"La Costa del estado de Yucat\u00e1n, un espacio de reflexi\u00f3n sobre la relaci\u00f3n sociedad-naturaleza, en el contexto de su ordenamiento ecol\u00f3gico territorial","author":"JA Herrera-Silveira","year":"2014"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1175\/JPO-D-19-0137.1","article-title":"Assessment of numerical simulations of deep circulation and variability in the Gulf of Mexico using recent observations","volume":"50","author":"SL Morey","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Phys Oceanogr"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref051","volume-title":"Patrones locales de viento","author":"A Cuevas-Jim\u00e9nez","year":"2014"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref052","volume-title":"Recursos pesqueros de Yucat\u00e1n fichas t\u00e9cnicas y referencias bibliogr\u00e1ficas","author":"G Mexicano-Cintora","year":"2007"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref053","volume-title":"Decreto por el que se reforman diversas disposiciones de la Ley General de Vida Silvestre","author":"SEMARNAT","year":"2018"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0353946.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1111\/jfb.15145","article-title":"Age-based life history of three groupers in the southern Gulf of Mexico","volume":"101","author":"X Ren\u00e1n","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Fish Biol"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1926.10502161","article-title":"The choice of a class interval","volume":"21","author":"HA Sturges","year":"1926","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.70296","article-title":"Which body size metrics should be used for assessing temperature impacts on fish growth and size?","volume":"31","author":"A Audzijonyte","year":"2025","journal-title":"Global Change Biology"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1080\/00028487.2013.768550","article-title":"Evaluation of age\u2013length key sample sizes required to estimate fish total mortality and growth","volume":"142","author":"LG Coggins","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trans Am Fish Soc"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref058","article-title":"A von bertalanffy growth model for toothfish at Heard Island fitted to length-at-age data and compared to observed growth from mark-recapture studies","volume":"14","author":"S Candy","year":"2007","journal-title":"CCAMLR Science"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref059","volume-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2023"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref060","first-page":"107","article-title":"Age determination in fisheries: methods and applications to stock assessment.","volume-title":"Stock assessment: quantitative methods and applications for small-scale fisheries","author":"HL Lai","year":"1996"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0353946.ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.2001.tb00127.x","article-title":"Accuracy, precision and quality control in age determination, including a review of the use and abuse of age validation methods","volume":"59","author":"SE Campana","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Fish Biology"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fishres.2015.01.016","article-title":"Age validation in the Lutjanidae: a review","volume":"167","author":"TP Piddocke","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fish Res"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref063","volume-title":"A practical handbook for determining the ages of Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic coast fishes","author":"S VanderKooy","year":"2020","edition":"3"},{"issue":"8","key":"pone.0353946.ref064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1139\/f81-132","article-title":"A Method for Comparing the Precision of a Set of Age Determinations","volume":"38","author":"RJ Beamish","year":"1981","journal-title":"Can J Fish Aquat Sci"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref065","first-page":"31","article-title":"Types of calcified structures: otoliths","volume-title":"Manual of fish sclerochronology","author":"PJ Wright","year":"2002"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref066","article-title":"Age, growth, and natural mortality of yellowfin grouper (Mycteroperca venenosa) from the southeastern United States","volume":"3","author":"ML Burton","year":"2015","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref067","volume-title":"Red Grouper (Epinephelus morio) age\u2013length structure and description of growth from the eastern Gulf of Mexico: 1992\u20132001","author":"LA Lombardi-Carlson","year":"2002"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.3390\/fishes7010052","article-title":"Modelling fish growth with imperfect data: the case of Trachurus picturatus","volume":"7","author":"A Neves","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fishes"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0353946.ref069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0246734","article-title":"Modernising fish and shark growth curves with Bayesian length-at-age models","volume":"16","author":"JJ Smart","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0353946.ref070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1111\/2041-210x.12020","article-title":"Avoiding fishy growth curves","volume":"4","author":"SA Pardo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Methods Ecol Evol"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0353946.ref071","first-page":"265","article-title":"Properties and fitting of the Von Bertalanffy growth curve","volume":"29","author":"AJ Fabens","year":"1965","journal-title":"Growth"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref072","volume-title":"BayesGrowth: Estimate Fish Growth using MCMC Analysis","author":"J Smart","year":"2023"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref073","first-page":"511","article-title":"Development of larvae and juveniles of the mutton snapper (Lutjanus analis), lane snapper (Lutjanis synagris) and yellowtail snapper (Lutjanus chrysurus)","volume":"3","author":"ME Clarke","year":"1997","journal-title":"Bull Mar Sci"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref074","volume-title":"RStan: the R interface to Stan","author":"Stan Development Team","year":"2020"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref075","volume-title":"Bayesplot: Plotting for Bayesian Models","author":"JMT Gabry","year":"2025"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref076","first-page":"1","article-title":"Once more on the comparison of growth in fish and invertebrates","volume":"2","author":"D Pauly","year":"1984","journal-title":"Fishbyte"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0353946.ref077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/fsu136","article-title":"Evaluating the predictive performance of empirical estimators of natural mortality rate using information on over 200 fish species","volume":"72","author":"AY Then","year":"2014","journal-title":"ICES Journal of Marine Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0353946.ref078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2979.2009.00350.x","article-title":"Size, growth, temperature and the natural mortality of marine fish","volume":"11","author":"H Gislason","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fish and Fisheries"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref079","volume-title":"ggFishPlots: Visualise and calculate life history parameters for fisheries science using \u2018ggplot2.\u2019","author":"M Vihtakari","year":"2023"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0353946.ref080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2979.2004.00144.x","article-title":"Keep it simple: three indicators to deal with overfishing","volume":"5","author":"R Froese","year":"2004","journal-title":"Fish and Fisheries"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref081","first-page":"909","article-title":"Age and growth of yellowtail snapper, Ocyurus chrysurus from the southeastern United States","volume":"72","author":"ER Garcia","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bull Mar Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"pone.0353946.ref082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0320012","article-title":"Population structure of yellowtail snapper using age-based life history and otolith shape in southern Gulf of M\u00e9xico","volume":"20","author":"X Ren\u00e1n","year":"2025","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref083","unstructured":"Allman RJ, Lombardi-Carlson LA, Fitzhugh GR, Fable WA. Age structure of red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) in the Gulf of Mexico by fishing mode and region. In: 52nd Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute, 2002. 482\u201395."},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref084","first-page":"335","article-title":"Age, growth, and reproduction of the red snapper, Lutjanus campechanus, from the Atlantic waters of the southeastern US","volume":"75","author":"DB White","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bull Mar Sci"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref085","first-page":"307","article-title":"Age, growth, mortality, and radiometric age validation of gray snapper (Lutjanus griseus) from Louisiana","volume":"103","author":"AJ Fischer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fishery Bulletin"},{"issue":"7","key":"pone.0353946.ref086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1139\/f04-063","article-title":"Inferring age from otolith measurements: a review and a new approach","volume":"61","author":"RC Francis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Can J Fish Aquat Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0353946.ref087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1111\/faf.12542","article-title":"Mass\u2010effect: Understanding the relationship between age and otolith weight in fishes","volume":"22","author":"C Pacheco","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fish and Fisheries"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-0981(85)90171-6","article-title":"Somatic and otolith growth in the oyster toadfish (Opsanus tau L.)","volume":"90","author":"RL Radtke","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Exp Mar Biol Ecol"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref089","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-7836(00)00218-6","article-title":"Erratum to \u201cPotential use of otolith weight for the determination of age-structure of Baltic cod (Gadus morhua) and plaice (Pleuronectes platessa)\u201d","volume":"48","author":"M Cardinale","year":"2000","journal-title":"Fish Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0353946.ref090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1139\/f89-015","article-title":"Somatic Growth Effects on the Otolith\u2013Fish Size Relationship in Young Pond-reared Striped Bass, Morone saxatilis","volume":"46","author":"DH Secor","year":"1989","journal-title":"Can J Fish Aquat Sci"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-7836(03)00207-8","article-title":"Age and growth of southwestern Atlantic wreckfish Polyprion americanus","volume":"66","author":"MB Peres","year":"2004","journal-title":"Fish Res"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-7836(00)00268-X","article-title":"Age validation of nagroor, Pomadasys kaakan (Cuvier, 1830) (Family: Haemulidae) in Kuwaiti waters","volume":"53","author":"M Al-Husaini","year":"2001","journal-title":"Fish Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0353946.ref093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1007\/s10641-011-9774-6","article-title":"Validation of annual periodicity in otoliths of red snapper, Lutjanus campechanus","volume":"91","author":"ST Szedlmayer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ Biol Fish"},{"issue":"4002","key":"pone.0353946.ref094","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1126\/science.173.4002.1124","article-title":"Fish otoliths: daily growth layers and periodical patterns","volume":"173","author":"G Panella","year":"1971","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.3354\/meps064025","article-title":"Validation of annual growth increments in the otoliths of a small, tropical coral reef fish","volume":"64","author":"AJ Fowler","year":"1990","journal-title":"Mar Ecol Prog Ser"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref096","article-title":"Otolith microstructure examination and analysis","author":"DK Stevenson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Publ Fish Aquat Sci"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref097","volume-title":"Determinacion del crecimiento de peces oseos en base a la microestructura de los otolitos","author":"B Morales-Nin","year":"1992"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0353946.ref098","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/fsp223","article-title":"Age and growth of longtail tuna (Thunnus tonggol) in tropical and temperate waters of the central Indo-Pacific","volume":"67","author":"SP Griffiths","year":"2009","journal-title":"ICES Journal of Marine Science"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref099","article-title":"American Plaice: Age Determination Methods for Northwest Atlantic Species How to Use Sectioned Otoliths to Age American Plaice","volume-title":"Northeast Fisheries Science Center NOAA","author":"LM Dery","year":"2025"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref100","first-page":"474","article-title":"A new approach to validation of periodicity and timing of opaque zone formation in the otoliths of eleven species of Lutjanus from the central Great Barrier Reef","volume":"98","author":"M Cappo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Fishery Bulletin"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/S0044-8486(01)00786-4","article-title":"Sexual growth dimorphism in sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax","volume":"202","author":"E Saillant","year":"2001","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1159\/000223077","article-title":"Environmental effects on fish sex determination and differentiation","volume":"3","author":"JF Baroiller","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sex Dev"},{"issue":"3","key":"pone.0353946.ref103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1002\/nafm.10289","article-title":"Sex-Specific Dynamic Rates in the Alligator Gar: Implications for Stock Assessment and Management","volume":"39","author":"DJ Daugherty","year":"2019","journal-title":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-90801-6.00116-6","article-title":"The effect of environmental factors on fish growth","author":"DW Baker","year":"2024","journal-title":"Encyclopedia of Fish Physiology"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fishres.2012.06.010","article-title":"Relationship between the longevity and the age at maturity in long-lived fish: Rikhter\/Efanov\u2019s and Hoenig\u2019s methods","author":"I Jari\u0107","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fish Res"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1080\/00028487.2012.655124","article-title":"Exploring mechanisms underlying sex\u2010specific differences in mortality of Lake Michigan bloaters","volume":"141","author":"DB Bunnell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trans Am Fish Soc"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref107","volume-title":"Reproductive Biology of the Lutjanidae: A Review","author":"CB. Grimes","year":"1987"},{"issue":"2","key":"pone.0353946.ref108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2979.2008.00284.x","article-title":"The role of growth history in determining age and size at maturation in exploited fish populations","volume":"9","author":"A Kuparinen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fish and Fisheries"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3800(98)00136-7","article-title":"Growth models and their use in ecological modelling: an application to a fish population","volume":"113","author":"S Gamito","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ecol Modell"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fishres.2013.11.010","article-title":"Estimating growth from sex ratio-at-length data in species with sexual size dimorphism","volume":"160","author":"S Cervi\u00f1o","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fish Res"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fishres.2022.106454","article-title":"Size- and age-dependent natural mortality in fish populations: Biology, models, implications, and a generalized length-inverse mortality paradigm","volume":"255","author":"K Lorenzen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fish Res"},{"key":"pone.0353946.ref112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109009","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecss.2024.109009","article-title":"Quantifying intra-annual changes in abundance and distribution to identify the magnitude and scale of potential mortality events","volume":"311","author":"J Brooks","year":"2024","journal-title":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science"},{"issue":"23","key":"pone.0353946.ref113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12022","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.4661","article-title":"Genetic diversity in fishes is influenced by habitat type and life-history variation","volume":"8","author":"AS Martinez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ecol Evol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0353946.ref114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2017.03.037","article-title":"The effects of oil spills on marine fish: Implications of spatial variation in natural mortality","volume":"119","author":"\u00d8 Langangen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mar Pollut Bull"}],"container-title":["PLOS One"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0353946","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T17:32:43Z","timestamp":1784655163000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0353946"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Claudio","family":"D\u2019Iglio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]},"references-count":114,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0353946","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]}}}