{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T19:26:41Z","timestamp":1790796401575,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS One"],"abstract":"\n Aleuritopteris bicolor<\/jats:italic>\n , a fern species known locally as \u201cRaani Sinkaa\u201d in Nepal, has traditionally been used to treat wounds, diarrhea, dysentery, and gastritis. Despite its widespread use, scientific data on its bioactive compounds and bioactivities remain limited. To address this gap, this study aimed to isolate bioactive compounds from\n A. bicolor<\/jats:italic>\n and evaluate their antioxidant, antibacterial, and antidiabetic properties using both\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n and\n in silico<\/jats:italic>\n methods. The 70% methanol extract of\n A. bicolor<\/jats:italic>\n afforded three compounds: 20-hydroxyecdysone (\n 1<\/jats:bold>\n ), and a mixture of quercetin 3-\n O<\/jats:italic>\n -\n \u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n -D-glucopyranoside (\n 2<\/jats:bold>\n ) and quercetin 3-\n O<\/jats:italic>\n -\n \u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n -D-galactopyranoside (\n 3<\/jats:bold>\n ), isolated via column chromatography. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated based on spectroscopic (NMR) and spectrometric (LC-MS) analyses. Compound\n 1<\/jats:bold>\n exhibited weak antioxidant activity, with an IC\n 50<\/jats:sub>\n of 38.38\u2009\u00b1\u20093.41 \u00b5g\/mL in the DPPH free radical scavenging assay. In contrast, the mixture of compounds\n 2<\/jats:bold>\n and\n 3<\/jats:bold>\n demonstrated significant antioxidant activity, with an IC\n 50<\/jats:sub>\n of 1.56\u2009\u00b1\u20090.3 \u00b5g\/mL, surpassing the standard ascorbic acid (IC\n 50<\/jats:sub>\n : 4.15\u2009\u00b1\u20090.3 \u00b5g\/mL). Compounds\n 2<\/jats:bold>\n and\n 3<\/jats:bold>\n also showed moderate antibacterial activity against\n Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n and\n Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n . Furthermore, these compounds exhibited notable inhibition of\n \u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n -amylase and\n \u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n -glucosidase enzymes in\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n assays, with EC\n 50<\/jats:sub>\n values of 99.48\u2009\u00b1\u20093.2 \u00b5g\/mL and 68.53\u2009\u00b1\u20091.7 \u00b5g\/mL, respectively.\n In silico<\/jats:italic>\n molecular docking analyses supported these enzyme inhibitions by revealing favorable interactions between compound\n 2<\/jats:bold>\n and key catalytic residues of the target enzymes, with binding energies of \u22127.2 kcal\/mol for\n \u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n -amylase and \u22127.1 kcal\/mol for\n \u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n -glucosidase. Additionally, ADMET analysis suggests further lead optimization of compounds\n 2<\/jats:bold>\n and\n 3<\/jats:bold>\n . This study successfully isolated three bioactive compounds from\n A. bicolor<\/jats:italic>\n and recommends further medicinal chemistry and\n in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n investigations to establish their therapeutic potential as antidiabetic phytomedicine.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0354665","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T17:43:28Z","timestamp":1785433408000},"page":"e0354665","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Bioassay-guided isolation of antioxidant, antibacterial, and antidiabetic compounds from Aleuritopteris bicolor of Nepal: In vitro\/in silico study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Rekha","family":"Bhandari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sadikshya","family":"Sapkota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peru Kumari","family":"Bishwakarma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shailendra Kumar","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8722-7294","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ram Kishor","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandesh","family":"Poudel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siddha Raj","family":"Upadhyaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ganga Ram","family":"Upadhayay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sajan L.","family":"Shyaula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khem Raj","family":"Joshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"pone.0354665.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.3390\/ddc3010011","article-title":"Plant-derived natural products: a source for drug discovery and development","volume":"3","author":"N Chaachouay","year":"2024","journal-title":"Drugs Drug Candid"},{"key":"pone.0354665.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111859","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.111859","article-title":"Phytochemical profiling of Blumea laciniata (Roxb.) 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